刻意训练理论在美国篮球青训体系的应用场景及本土化镜鉴  

Application and Localization Experience of Deliberate Training Theory in American Basketball Youth Training System

作　　者：王统领 陶焘 王法涛[2] Wang Tongling;Tao Tao;Wang Fatao(College of Physical Education,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院体育学院,浙江湖州313000 [2]北京联合大学体育教学部,北京100191

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第2期236-240,共5页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：中国高等教育学会2020年度专项课题项目“体育数字化教学资源建设与有效应用研究”(项目编号:2020SZYB05);北京联合大学人才强校优选计划项目“我国青少年篮球青训体系优化的路径研究”(项目编号:BPHR2019CS01)。

摘　　要：美国篮球运动的长盛不衰与其科学完备的青训体系密不可分,刻意训练理论在美国篮球青训体系中发挥了重要作用。为详尽呈现刻意训练理论在美国篮球青训体系的应用场景,本文采用文献资料法、实地考察法、焦点小组法、比较分析法,对刻意训练的概念、理论假设、理论特征和理论模型进行归纳,从美国篮球青训体系中的发展四阶段模式、早期游戏化设计、心理表征培养设计、行业精英指导设计等四个角度剖析和呈现刻意训练理论的应用场景。在此分析基础上建议:①我国篮球青训体系应镜鉴并本土化刻意训练理论,深化体教融合制度,贯彻人才成长四阶段模型;②推动校园篮球普及,扩大青训基地;③加强政府管理,做好顶层设计;④重视规范教学(导师指导),创建心理表征。The prosperity of American basketball is closely related to its scientific and complete youth training system.The theory of deliberate training plays an important role in the youth training system of American basketball.In order to present the application scenarios of deliberate training theory in the American basketball youth training system in detail,the literature data method,field investigation method,focus group method and comparative analysis method were adopted in this research to sum up the concept,theoretical hypothesis,theoretical characteristics and theoretical model of deliberate training.The application of deliberate training theory from four aspects of the development of the four-stage model,early gamification design,psychological representation training design and industry elite guidance design were studied.It is suggested that China’s basketball youth training should implement the system of integration of sports and education,carry out the four-stage model of talent growth,promote the popularization of campus basketball,expand the foundation of youth training,strengthen government management and top-level design,pay attention to standardized teaching,and create psychological representation.

关 键 词：刻意训练 美国篮球 青训 应用场景 本土化镜鉴 

分 类 号：G841[文化科学—体育训练]