马莲河流域泥沙演变规律及其成因分析  

Analysis of Sediment Evolution Law and Origin in Malian River Basin

作　　者：黄维东 朱咏 王启优 张昌顺 HUANG Weidong;ZHU Yong;WANG Qiyou;ZHANG Changshun(Gansu Hydrological Station,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省水文站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃农业大学,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《人民黄河》2023年第3期19-23,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：甘肃省水利科学试验研究及技术推广项目(甘水建管发[2021]71号,22GSLK051);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U22A20564)。

摘　　要：依据马莲河流域实测水文资料、气候和NDVI数据,分析流域泥沙演变规律及其成因。结果表明:马莲河流域泥沙分布地区差异较大,总体从上游向下游递减,最大产沙区域多年平均输沙模数达8 148 t/km^(2),支流合水川泥沙最少,年输沙模数为1 663 t/km^(2);人类活动和降水对输沙量变化的贡献率分别为93.0%、7.0%,水土保持措施等人类活动是泥沙减少的主要原因。流域内降水以及下垫面的变化,使产流产沙机制发生显著变化,分析流域泥沙演变规律及其成因,对区域水土流失治理、生态环境修复、水资源开发利用等具有重要指导作用。Using the measured hydrological data, climate and NDVI data of the Malian River basin, the sediment evolution law and its causes were analyzed. The results show that the sediment distribution in the Malian River basin varies greatly from region to region, and generally decreases from upstream to downstream;the annual average sediment transport modulus of the maximum sediment yield area reaches 8 148 t/km^(2), and that of the tributary confluence reaches the minimum, with an annual sediment transport modulus of 1 663 t/km^(2);the human activities and precipitation contribute 93.0% and 7.0% to the change of sediment transport, respectively. The water-and-soil conservation measures and other human activities are the main reasons for sediment reduction. The change of precipitation and underlying surface in the basin has significantly changed the mechanism of runoff and sediment yields. The analysis of sediment evolution law and its causes in the basin has an important guiding role in regional soil and water conservation and ecological environment restoration, water resources development and utilization, etc.

关 键 词：泥沙 演变规律 成因 马莲河流域 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学] TV143.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]