30CrMnSiA薄壁杯形件的强韧化工艺方法  

Strengthening and Toughening Process Method of 30CrMnSiA Thin-Wall Cup-Shaped Parts

作　　者：夏琴香[1] 谢章雄 陈灿[1] 肖刚锋[1] XIA Qinxiang;XIE Zhangxiong;CHEN Can;XIAO Gangfeng(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52175316);广东省基础与应用基础研究资金自然科学基金项目(2021A1515011074)。

摘　　要：30CrMnSiA薄壁杯形件是广泛应用于谐波减速器柔轮壳体的一类关键基础零部件。文中针对传统采用车削制备的30CrMnSiA薄壁杯形件强韧性不足而导致谐波减速器承载能力较低及寿命较短的问题,提出采用旋压-调质-旋压-时效的形变-热处理工艺来实现30CrMnSiA薄壁杯形件的少、无切削高性能制备;并通过拉伸及冲击实验,对比各工序件的力学性能变化规律,对各工序件的微观组织进行了分析。结果表明:旋压-调质工艺可获得具有较高强度的回火索氏体组织,但是材料的塑性降低;时效处理使旋压成形获得的纤维状微观组织进一步细化,并在铁素体基体上析出均匀弥散分布的细小碳化物;在300℃+6 h时效处理时可同时获得较高的强度和良好的塑性。相比调质后车削成形,采用形变-热处理相结合制备的30CrMnSiA薄壁杯形件的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别提高了93.65%和47.88%,硬度提高了26.87%,冲击强度提高了12.01%,同时还具有较好的塑性,断后伸长率和断面收缩率分别达11.60%和24.64%。采用旋压-调质-旋压-时效的形变-热处理工艺可实现薄壁杯形件的强韧化制造,为高强韧性薄壁杯形件的生产提供一种新的工艺方法。30CrMnSiA thin-wall cup-shaped part is a key basic component widely used in the flexible gear of harmonic reducer.Aiming at the problem of the low bearing capacity and short service life of harmonic reducer caused by insufficient strength and toughness of 30CrMnSiA thin-wall cup-shaped parts manufactured by traditional turning method,this paper proposed a plastic deformation-heat treatment process which consists of spinning,quenching,tempering,spinning and aging to manufacture 30CrMnSiA thin-wall cup-shaped parts with less or no cutting and excellent mechanical properties.Through the tensile and impact experiment,by comparing the mechanical properties of each process part,the microorganization of each process part was analyzed.The results show that tempered sorbite microstructure with high strength can be obtained by spinning-quenching and tempering process,but the plasticity was reduced significantly.The fibrous microstructure of spun parts can be further refined by aging heat treatment,and the fine carbides precipitated and uniformly distributed on the ferrite matrix.High strength and good plasticity can be obtained by subsequent aging at 300℃for 6 h.As compared with parts obtained by turning forming after quenching and tempering heat treatment,the yield strength and tensile strength of 30CrMnSiA thin-wall cup-shaped parts manufactured by plastic deformation and heat treatment are improved by 93.65%and 47.88%,respectively.The hardness is increased by 26.87%,and the impact strength is increased by 12.01%.Meanwhile,the elongation and percentage reduction of area are 11.60%and 24.64%,respectively.The thin-wall cup-shaped parts with high strength and toughness can be manufactured by the plastic deformation and heat treatment process of spinning-quenching-tempering-spinning-aging,which provides a new method for manufacturing the thin-wall cupshaped parts with high-strength and toughness.

关 键 词：30CrMnSiA 薄壁杯形件 形变-热处理 强韧化 工艺方法 

分 类 号：TG306[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]