原始积累成为经济和生态灾难的原因  

Primitive Accumulation as the Cause of Economic and Ecological Disaster

作　　者：斋藤幸平 杨雷(译) 胡春雷(校) Kohei Saito;Yang Lei;Hu Chunlei

机构地区：[1]日本东京大学 [2]北京师范大学哲学学院,北京100875 [3]山东济南250000

出　　处：《鄱阳湖学刊》2023年第1期13-23,122,123,共13页Journal of Poyang Lake

摘　　要：文章从马克思的“财富”概念入手,结合马克思的《资本论》等著作,强调资本原始积累造成生产者与生产资料的强制性分离,导致人与自然之间的新陈代谢交换产生断裂。而共产主义作为“否定之否定”,抛弃了资本主义商品化和资本增殖的逻辑,以使大多数劳动者都能拥有一种“自由富足”,重构后资本主义社会的生活愿景和生态图景。Marx’s theory of primitive accumulation is not a mere historical description of the origin of capitalism, but depicts its destructive character because capitalist development radically transforms and reorganizes the entire metabolic exchange between humans and nature on an unprecedented scale and leads to “Lauderdale’s paradox”, i.e., capitalist always develops with social wealth impoverishment and artificial scarcity.According to Marx, the process of primitive accumulation always comes with the separation of the producers from their product materials, so is human being from nature. Therefore, “the original unity” between the producers and their objective condition of production is terminated. Marx insisted that it was necessary to rebuilt “the original unity” to transcend the historical alienation from nature to overcome the separation. He argued that the commodity was just a special “bourgeois form” of wealth but not all the wealth. It is important to recognize both the non-identity and the fundamental tensions between wealth and the commodity because such relations lead to irreparable rift between social and natural metabolism.There are also more far-extended possibilities of non capitalist wealth. The wealth of richness of societies is not about producing an ever greater quantity of commodities, but rather about the full and constant development of total potentialities of human beings. The nature resources can be also the wealth of societies. The abundance and sustainability of the natural wealth provided by the earth constitutes the essential material foundation for the prosperity of society.Capitalist production, however, impoverishes social wealth and total alienation by imposing “an entirely external end”upon producers for the sake of endless capital accumulation. By clearly grasping the truly destructive impact of primitive accumulation upon both social and natural wealth, it becomes possible to imagine an alternative society that truly repairs the metabolic rift and rehabilitates

关 键 词：原始积累 共同财富 自由富足 生态社会主义 

分 类 号：F091.91[经济管理—政治经济学]