自然崩落采矿法井下泥石流形成原因分析及预防措施研究应用  

Analysis of the Causes of Underground Debris Flow Formation and Preventive Measures of Natural Caving Mining Method

作　　者：朱霆 何翔 王欢 游锋 关堂兵 凌先友 ZHU Ting;HE Xiang;WANG Huan;YOU Feng;GUAN Tangbing;LING Xianyou

机构地区：[1]金诚信矿业管理股份有限公司,北京101500

出　　处：《中国矿山工程》2023年第1期22-28,共7页China Mine Engineering

摘　　要：自然崩落采矿法作为低成本并且大规模的采矿方法,矿岩在自重应力和构造应力的作用下自然崩落,并通过出矿水平的聚矿槽放出,矿石的不断运出,地表逐渐塌陷形成露天坑,随着采矿活动的持续进行,地表塌陷坑将变得越来越大,当降雨增大,塌陷坑内的地表岩石破碎为泥石流的形成提供了丰富的固体物质来源,持续不断的放矿影响为泥石流提供通道和诱发因素,持续放矿容易造成井下泥石流的发生。本文以某铜矿为工程背景,通过2019年以来历次井下泥石流的发生,从引发井下泥石流的物源条件、地形地貌、诱发因素进行分析,确定了控制井下泥石流的主要因素。研究结果表明:井下泥石流的发生和物源条件、地形地貌、诱发因素三要素密不可分,治理井下泥石流需改变地表塌陷坑,控制水源、物源汇集,控制放矿进行综合治理。Natural caving mining method as a low-cost and large-scale mining method, ore rock in the self-weight stress and structural stress under the action of natural caving, and through the output level of the polyore trough release, ore continuous transportation, the surface gradually collapsed to form an open pit, with the continuation of mining activities, the surface collapse pit will become larger and larger, when the rainfall increases, the surface rock in the collapse pit is broken for the formation of debris flow to provide a rich source of solid matter, continuous release impact for debris flow to provide channels and inducing factors, Continuous release is easy to cause underground debris flows. Taking the copper mine as the engineering background, through the occurrence of underground debris flow since 2019, the main factors controlling underground debris flow are determined from the analysis of the source conditions, topography and geomorphology and inducing factors that trigger the underground debris flow, and the research results show that the occurrence of underground debris flow is inseparable from the three elements of material source conditions, topography and geomorphology, and inducing factors, and the treatment of underground debris flow requires changing the surface collapse pit, controlling water sources and material source collection, and controlling ore release for comprehensive treatment.

关 键 词：自然崩落法 泥石流 塌陷坑 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]