不同施肥对洱海流域农田水稻根际厌氧微生物群落多样性特征的影响  

Effects of different fertilization on rhizosphere anaerobic microbial community diversity of rice in Erhai lake basin

作　　者：申云鑫 邹雪峰 包玲凤 周旭东 付斌[2] 杨明英[2] 施竹凤 裴卫华[2] 倪明[2] 陈齐斌 胡万里[2] 杨佩文[2] SHEN Yun-xin;ZOU Xue-feng;BAO Ling-feng;ZHOU Xu-dong;FU Bin;YANG Ming-ying;SHI Zhu-feng;PEI Wei-hua;NI Ming;CHEN Qi-bin;HU Wan-li;YANG Pei-wen(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第12期2819-2826,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室开放基金项目(202105AG070002);云南省科技计划重大科技专项(202202AE090015)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于有机碳源物料施用长期定位试验,解析洱海流域农田水稻根际厌氧微生物群落多样性对有机碳源物料输入的响应特征。【方法】通过设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(T1)和玉米秸秆配施化肥(T2)3个处理,于水稻成熟期采集测试样本,运用Illumina-MiSeq高通量测序技术,基于氮转化功能基因(nifH)和碳转化功能基因(cbbL),分析水稻根际厌氧微生物群落多样性特征,并基于冗余分析(RDA),解析土壤中可溶性氮(N)、磷(P)含量与厌氧微生物种群的相关性。【结果】Alpha和Beta多样性分析结果表明,玉米秸秆配施化肥显著提高了水稻根际厌氧微生物群落的Observed species多样性指数、Shannon多样性指数和Chao1丰富度指数(P<0.05),并促进厌氧微生物群落结构差异性增强。群落结构组成结果表明,在门的分类水平上,有机碳源物料长期施用显著提高了变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和蓝藻门(Cyanobacteria)种群的相对丰度(P<0.05);在属的水平上显著提高了红长命菌属(Methylibium)和慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)的种群丰度,降低了伯克霍尔德氏菌属(Paraburkholderia)的种群丰度;在种的水平上显著提高了台湾贪铜菌(Cupriavidus taiwanensis)和嗜碱菌(Alkaliphilus oremlandii)的相对丰度(P<0.05),降低了Lata氮氢单胞菌(Azohydromonas lata)和Sulfuricaulis limicola的相对丰度(P<0.05)。冗余分析结果表明,可溶性氮(N)对厌氧微生物群落的解析度最高。【结论】在洱海流域高碳储量农田中,玉米秸秆配施化肥主要通过调控土壤中可溶性N含量而影响水稻根际厌氧微生物的群落结构及其生理生态功能,进而影响其对碳和氮的转化过程。本研究结果对碳氮素和水稻农田微生物结构的变化及其影响途径的准确预测具有一定推动作用,且可为优化区域农田生态系统的管理措施,以及为农田生态系统的合理保护提供理论基础。【Objective】Based on the long-term positioning experiment of organic carbon source material application,the response characteristics of rice rhizosphere anaerobic microbial community diversity to organic carbon source material input in Erhai lake basin were analyzed.【Method】Three treatments as non-fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer(T1)and corn straw combined with chemical fertilizer(T2)were set to analyze the diversity characteristics of rice rhizosphere anaerobic microbial communities based on nitrogen conversion functional genes(nifH)and carbon conversion functional genes(cbbL).The correlation between soluble N and P contents in soil and anaerobic microbial population was analyzed using redundancy analysis(RDA).【Result】The results of Alpha and Beta diversity analysis showed that the Observed species,Shannon index and Chao1 index significantly improved(P<0.05),and the difference of anaerobic microbial community structure significantly enhanced.Moreover,long-term application of organic carbon source material significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria(P<0.05)at the phylum level.At the genus level,the population abundance of Methylibium and Bradyrhizobium increased,while the population abundance of Paraburkholderia decreased.In addition,the relative abundance of Cupriavidus taiwanensis and Alkaliphilus oremlandii significantly increased at species level(P<0.05),however,Azohydromonas lata and Sulfuricaulis limicola decreased(P<0.05).The results of redundancy analysis showed that soluble N had the highest resolution to the anaerobic microbial community.【Conclusion】In the high carbon storage farmland of Erhai lake basin,corn straw combined with chemical fertilizer mainly affected the community structure,physiological and ecological functions of rice rhizosphere anaerobic microorganisms by regulating the content of soluble nitrogen in the soil,and then affected their carbon and nitrogen conversion process.The results of the study have a certain role in promoting th

关 键 词：洱海流域 施肥 水稻根际 厌氧微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]