美国DARPA近5年国防科研经费预算活动的趋势与特点  

Trends and Characteristics of DARPA’s Defense Research Budget Activities over the Last 5 Years

作　　者：李林莉 李佼阳 汤娟 尹湘凡 张建 LI Linli;LI Jiaoyang;TANG Juan;YIN Xiangfan;ZHANG Jian(Sichuan Jiuzhou Electric Group Co.,Ltd.,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司,绵阳621000

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2023年第1期77-86,共10页World Sci-Tech R&D

摘　　要：本文以美国国防部高级研究计划局(Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency,DARPA)发布的2019—2023财年研究、开发、试验与鉴定预算申请文件为依据,对近5年DARPA的经费预算总体情况和各科研活动阶段投向趋势进行了数据统计和可视化呈现,并进一步探究了项目变化情况,以及DARPA国防科研活动的特点。研究认为,DARPA近5年以来的国防科研经费预算资金重点投向了微电子、高超声速和人工智能等新兴领域,希望凭借这些领域的技术突破,实现美军现代化高端军事能力建设的目标。除了注重颠覆性技术研发以外,DARPA国防科研活动的另一个特点在于,注重新兴技术领域知识链、创新链和产业链的无缝集成,加强与工业界与军兵种的结合,实现研究成果向军兵种快速过渡,以期大力提升美军的未来作战能力。Based on the FY 2019-2023 Research,Development,Test,and Evaluation(RDT&E)budget request documents issued by DARPA,this paper provides a statistical and visual presentation of the agency’s overall budget and trends in investment by phase of research activities over the last 5 years.Further,it explores the changes in programs and the characteristics of these defense research activities.It concludes that DARPA’s budget funding over the past 5 years has focused on emerging areas such as microelectronics,hypersonic,and artificial intelligence,with the hope that technological breakthroughs in these areas will modernize and build high-end military capabilities for the U.S.military.In addition to the disruptive technology research and development,DARPA also focuses on the seamless integration of the knowledge chain,innovation chain,and industry chain in emerging technology fields,strengthening the integration with industry and the Services and realizing the rapid transition of research results to the Services to enhance significantly the future combat capabilities of the U.S.military.

关 键 词：国防科研预算 微电子 人工智能 超高声速 

分 类 号：F817.12[经济管理—财政学] F171.2[军事—军事理论] E712