一种用于个体防护的高效净化材料的制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of an Efficient Purification Material for Personal Protection

作　　者：安雪 吴锦程 刘太奇[1] 李谭秋 Xue An;Jincheng Wu;Taiqi Liu;Tanqui Li(Research Center of Ecomaterial,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China;Astronaut Center of China,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院环境材料研究中心,北京102617 [2]中国航天员研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2023年第1期106-112,共7页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

摘　　要：目前,经驻极生产的熔喷布对空气中病毒等微小颗粒的过滤主要依靠其静电吸附机理,但由于熔喷布表面电荷难以持久保持,不能长期保持高效过滤,因而不能保证医护人员不被新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)感染,所以需要提升熔喷布在失电荷时的机械过滤效率。文中利用静电纺丝技术在熔喷布上电纺尼龙6(PA6)纳米纤维,通过热压法制成一种以熔喷布为表层,PA6纳米纤维为中间层的夹心材料;对该夹心材料的表面形貌、热学性能、力学性能进行表征并测试其过滤性能。实验结果表明,夹心材料表面完整度高,纳米纤维直径可达67 nm左右;在没有驻极工艺处理的情况下,该夹心材料对粒径为0.2μm的颗粒过滤效率达到95%以上,而对照试验的无纺布相应的过滤效率为0;该夹心材料过滤阻力在284 Pa左右,适合作为个体防护使用。At present,the filtration of virus and other small particles in the air by meltblown cloth produced by electret treatment mainly depends on its electrostatic adsorption mechanism.However,because the surface charge of melt blown fabric can not be maintained for a long time,it can not maintain high efficiency filtration for a long time.Therefore,there is no guarantee for the medical staffs to not be infected by COVID-19.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the mechanical filtration efficiency of melt blown fabric in the situation of an electric charge loss.In this paper,nylon 6(PA6)nanofibers were electrospun on melt blown cloth by electrospinning technology,and a sandwich material with melt blown cloth as surface layer and PA6 nanofibers as middle layer was made by hot-pressing technology;the surface morphology,thermal and mechanical properties of the sandwich material were characterized,and its filtration performance was tested.The experimental results show that the surface integrity of the sandwich material is high,and the diameter of nanofibers can reach about 67 nm;without the electret treatment,the filtration efficiency of the sandwich material for particles in an size of 0.2μm is more than 95%,while the filtration efficiency of non-woven fabric is zero;the filtration resistance of the material is about 284 Pa,which is suitable for personal protection.

关 键 词：熔喷布 静电纺丝 夹心材料 过滤性能 

分 类 号：TQ340.64[化学工程—化纤工业]