有机肥用量与配比对食粒豌豆3种病害防效的影响  

Application Rates and Proportions of Organic Fertilizers:Control Effects on Three Diseases of Grain Pea

作　　者：李艳兰 杨进成 金红云 罗志敏 李祥 李灶福 张春帆 胡新洲 禹宗红 刘坚坚 高仕兰 安正云 王爱明 蔡述江 LI Yanlan;YANG Jincheng;JIN Hongyun;LUO Zhimin;LI Xiang;LI Zaofu;ZHANG Chunfan;HU Xinzhou;YU Zonghong;LIU Jianjian;GAO Shilan;AN Zhengyun;WANG Aiming;CAI Shujiang(Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100;Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Yimen County,Yimen,Yunnan 651100;Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Huaning County,Huaning,Yunnan 652800;Comprehensive Agricultural Service Center of Eshan County,Eshan,Yunnan 653200)

机构地区：[1]玉溪市农业科学院,云南玉溪653100 [2]易门县农业技术推广站,云南易门651100 [3]华宁县农业技术推广站,云南华宁652800 [4]峨山县农业综合服务中心,云南峨山653200

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第4期106-111,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：玉溪市冬季农业开发科技示范计划“山地食粒豌豆高效栽培技术研究与示范”(yxsdnkf-05)。

摘　　要：为探索中高海拔山区有机肥不同用量与配比对食粒豌豆常见病害的防控效果,采用多水平随机区组试验,分别研究播种时施用有机肥、苗期浇施氮钾全水溶性有机肥或(和)磷酸二氢铵对食粒豌豆枯萎病、白粉病和褐斑病的田间防效。结果表明,施用4500 kg/hm^(2)有机肥作底肥与氮钾全水溶性有机肥组配在中、高海拔点对食粒豌豆枯萎病、褐斑病有很好的防控效果,枯萎病最高防效为100%,褐斑病最高防效为48.23%,但有机肥不同用量与配比对白粉病没有防控效果;施用4500~9000 kg/hm^(2)有机肥作底肥与苗期追施2次氮钾全水溶性有机肥组配对食粒豌豆有增产效果,高海拔点最高增幅为25.55%,中海拔点最高增幅为19.71%。综合两地试验结果,施用4500 kg/hm^(2)有机肥作底肥+2次全水溶性有机肥作追肥处理具有控病增产效果。In order to explore the control effect of organic fertilizers with different application rates and proportions on common diseases of grain pea, a multi-level randomized block experiment was conducted, and the field control efficacy of organic fertilizer applied at sowing stage, and N and K water-soluble organic fertilizer or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate applied at seedling stage on fusarium wilt, powdery mildew and brown spot disease were studied. The results showed that combined application of 4500 kg/hm^(2)organic fertilizer as base fertilizer with N and K water-soluble organic fertilizer as topdressing had good control effect on fusarium wilt and brown spot disease of pea at middle and high altitudes, the highest control efficiency of fusarium wilt was 100%, the highest control efficiency of brown spot disease was 48.23%, but organic fertilizer with different application rates and proportions had no control effect on powdery mildew. The application of4500-9000 kg/hm^(2)organic fertilizer as base fertilizer and 2 times of N and K water-soluble organic fertilizer as topdressing could increase the yield of grain pea, and the highest increase rate at high altitude was 25.55%,and the highest increase rate at middle altitude was 19.71%. According to the experiment results, the application of 4500 kg/hm^(2)organic fertilizer as base fertilizer and 2 times of water-soluble organic fertilizer as topdressing have the effect of disease control and yield increase.

关 键 词：有机肥 食粒豌豆 枯萎病 白粉病 褐斑病 田间防效 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学]