直播稻研究进展及发展对策分析  

Direct Seeding Rice:Research Progress and Development Strategy

作　　者：伍龙梅 张悦 刘妍 邹积祥[1] 杨陶陶 包晓哲 黄庆[1] 陈青春 蒋耀智 梁巧丽 张彬[1] WU Longmei;ZHANG Yue;LIU Yan;ZOU Jixiang;YANG Taotao;BAO Xiaozhe;HUANG Qing;CHEN Qingchun;JIANG Yaozhi;LIANG Qiaoli;ZHANG Bin(Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640;College of Agriculture&Biology of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225;Guangdong Haina Institute of Agriculture/Guangdong Haina Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Huizhou,Guangdong 516005)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室/广东省水稻工程实验室/农业农村部华南优质稻遗传育种实验室(部省共建),广州510640 [2]仲恺农业工程学院农业与生物学院,广州510225 [3]广东海纳农业研究院/广东海纳农业有限公司,广东惠州516005

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第6期1-5,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金“氮密互作调控华南优质直播稻茎秆倒伏机理研究”(2019A1515110860),“基于碳代谢解析氮素耦合生物炭调控直播稻茎倒伏机理”(2021A1515012122);广东省农业科学院农业新兴产业学科团队建设项目“稻田种养模式下的农机农艺配套技术”(202112TD);广东省农业农村厅项目“广东省适宜机械化作业的水稻品种筛选研究”;广东省科技计划项目“广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室”(2020B1212060047)。

摘　　要：直播是一种重要的水稻种植方式,因具有省工、省时、节本和显著提高水稻种植的综合效益等优点,在国内外应用广泛。本文详述了国内外直播稻发展的研究现状和进展,介绍了生产上主要存在的湿润直播、水直播和旱直播三种种植方式。从产量、杂草防治和抗倒伏特性分析了直播稻生产上存在的主要问题,从适宜品种培育、氮肥施用、抗倒伏、杂草防治、农机农艺配套发展等方面提出了应对措施,展望了直播稻的发展趋势,以期为直播稻的高产抗倒栽培和推广应用提供参考。Direct seeding is an important rice planting method.It is widely used at home and abroad due to its advantages of saving labor,time and cost and significantly improving the comprehensive benefits of rice planting.In this paper,the research status and progress of direct seeding rice at home and abroad were elaborated,and three main direct seeding rice planting methods,namely wet direct seeding,water direct seeding and dry direct seeding,were introduced.Main problems in direct seeding rice production were analyzed from the aspects of yield,weed control and lodging resistance,and countermeasures were proposed as cultivating suitable varieties,appropriate nitrogen application,lodging resistance,weed control,and integrated development of agronomic practices and agricultural machinery.The paper also discussed the development trend of direct seeding rice,in order to provide reference for the cultivation and promotion of direct seeding rice with high yield and lodging resistance.

关 键 词：直播稻 倒伏 机械化种植 杂草危害 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]