钾肥水平对不同类型西瓜嫁接苗生长的影响  

Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Levels on the Growth of Different Types of Watermelon Grafted Seedlings

作　　者：夏新发 王飞 刘松年 陶珍[4] 田红梅[4] 张建[4] 王朋成 XIA Xinfa;WANG Fei;LIU Songnian;TAO Zhen;TIAN Hongmei;ZHANG Jian;WANG Pengcheng(Anhui Xinyuan Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hexian 238200,China;Anhui Xingda Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 234000,China;Bozhou Qiaocheng District Nianfeng Vegetable Farming Farmers Professional Cooperative,Bozhou 236800,China;Institute of Horticulture,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽新源农业科技有限公司,安徽和县238200 [2]安徽兴大种业有限公司,安徽宿州234000 [3]亳州市谯城区年丰蔬菜种植农民专业合作社,安徽亳州236800 [4]安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《蔬菜》2023年第3期32-35,共4页Vegetables

基　　金：宿州市科技计划项目(2020081);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202004a06020057);安徽省科技重大专项(202103b06020010)。

摘　　要：为研究不同类型嫁接西瓜苗期的需钾特征,对6个不同钾肥水平下的大果型西瓜品种“丽园”、中果型西瓜品种“8424”和小果型西瓜品种“小红玉”嫁接苗的生长指标进行测定分析。结果表明:不同钾肥施用量对嫁接西瓜幼苗叶片叶绿素含量、株高、茎粗、生长量和壮苗指数均有不同程度影响,小果型西瓜叶片叶绿素含量各处理均高于中果型和大果型西瓜;大果型和中果型西瓜在钾素水平T_(4)(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O为17-17-34)时,幼苗茎粗、全株干质量及壮苗指数均达到最大值,而小果型西瓜在钾素水平T_(3)(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O为17-17-25.5)时以上指标均达最大值。由此可知,适宜的钾肥施用量可促进西瓜嫁接苗健壮生长,且大、中果型西瓜幼苗需钾量高于小果型西瓜。In order to study the potassium demand characteristics of different types of grafted watermelon at seedling stage, the growth indexes of large-fruit watermelon cultivar ’Liyuan’, medium-fruit watermelon cultivar ’8424’ and small-fruit watermelon cultivar ’Xiaohongyü’ were measured and analyzed under six different potassium fertilizer levels. The results showed that different potassium fertilizer amounts had different effects on leaf chlorophyll content, plant height, stem diameter, growth amounts and seedling healthy index of grafted watermelon seedlings. Leaf chlorophyll content in grafted seedlings of small-fruit watermelon was higher than that of medium-fruit watermelon and large-fruit watermelon in all treatments. Seedling stem diameter, whole plant dry weight and seedling healthy index reached maximum at potassium fertilizer level of T_(4)(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O was 17-17-34) of large-fruit and medium-fruit watermelon grafted seedlings, while which of small-fruit watermelon grafted seedlings reached maximum at potassium fertilizer level of T_(3)(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O was 17-17-25.5). In conclusion,appropriate potassium fertilizer amounts could promote the healthy growth of watermelon grafted seedlings, and the potassium requirement of large-fruit and medium-fruit watermelon grafted seedlings were higher than that of small-fruit watermelon.

关 键 词：钾素 西瓜 嫁接 壮苗指数 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]