胡麻籽粒产量形成对干旱胁迫的响应及其模拟模型研究  

Study on Response of Flax Grain Yield Formation to Drought Stress and Its Simulation Model

作　　者：刘莹莹 李玥[1] 吴兵[2] LIU Yingying;LI Yue;WU Bing(College of Information Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070 China;College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学信息科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《作物研究》2023年第1期14-21,共8页Crop Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060437,31360315);甘肃农业大学青年导师基金项目(GAU-QDFC-2020-12)。

摘　　要：为了进一步研究胡麻籽粒产量形成对干旱胁迫的响应,采用大田遮雨棚控水法模拟胡麻干旱胁迫,依据2019—2020年甘肃省定西市西巩驿镇的实际产量,以3个品种陇亚12号、陇亚8号、晋亚11号为材料,在苗期、枞行期、现蕾期、青果期,设置正常供水、中度干旱、重度干旱3个不同程度处理,利用气象数据、土壤数据、品种性状等构建胡麻产量响应干旱胁迫模型,并对该模型进行检验。结果表明:(1)APSIM模型模拟胡麻产量及单株蒴果数、每果粒数、单株粒质量、千粒质量的均方根误差RMAE分别为43.07 kg/hm^(2)、0.80个、0.52粒、0.03 g、0.54 g,决定系数R^(2)分别为0.82、0.78、0.83、0.81、0.83,说明模型具有较好的拟合性。(2)随着干旱胁迫的增加,不同生育时期的胡麻株高、茎粗、干物质积累量等逐渐下降,其中现蕾期的降幅最明显,对水分需求较大;在重度干旱胁迫下,胡麻各产量因子及籽粒产量与对照组差异性显著,陇亚12号产量较CK降低31.9%,陇亚8号产量较CK降低30.2%,晋亚11号产量较CK降低37.1%。关联度分析可知,影响胡麻籽粒产量的主导因子是千粒质量。相关性分析结果显示,不同生育时期的干物质积累量在干旱胁迫下与产量及构成因素有显著正相关关系。现蕾期对土壤缺水比较敏感,在此时期精准灌溉,有利于胡麻生长发育和干物质积累,促进千粒质量,提高籽粒产量,为实现胡麻合理灌溉和高效增产奠定了基础。In order to further study the response of flax grain yield formation to drought stress,a field canopy method was adopted to simulate flax drought stress.Based on the actual output of Xigongyi Town,Dingxi,Gansu Province from 2019 to 2020,Longya 12,Longya8 and Jinya 11 were selected as materials.Three different levels of treatments were set up:normal water supply,moderate drought and severe drought.A model of flax yield response to drought stress was established based on model meteorological data,soil data,variety type,capsule number,grain weight,biomass,grain yield,seeding date,seeding depth,planting density and fertilizer application,etc.,and the model was tested.Results showed that:(1)APSIM model to simulate oil flax production and number of pods per plants,number of grains per pod,grain weight per plant,1000 grain mass RMAE root mean square error of 43.07 kg/hm^(2),0.80,0.52,0.03 g and 0.54 g,determination coefficient R^(2)were 0.82,0.78,0.83,0.81,0.83,that model had good fitting.(2)With the increase of drought stress,the height,stem diameter and dry matter accumulation of flax decreased gradually at different growth stages,and the reduction was the most obvious at the bud stage,which required more water.Under severe drought stress,the yield factors and grain yield of flax were significantly different from those of the control group.The yield of Longya 12 was 31.9%lower than that of CK,the yield of Longya8 was 30.2%lower than that of CK,and the yield of Jinya 11 was 37.1%lower than that of CK.The correlation analysis showed that the dominant factor affecting the grain yield of flax was 1000-grain weight.The results of correlation analysis showed that dry matter accumulation at different growth stages was positively correlated with yield and its constituent factors under drought stress.The current bud stage was sensitive to soil water shortage,and the precise irrigation in this period was beneficial to the growth and development of flax and dry matter accumulation,promoted the 1000-grain weight,and improved grai

关 键 词：胡麻 APSIM 籽粒产量 干旱胁迫 模拟模型 

分 类 号：S565.907.1[农业科学—作物学]