磷肥减量施用对土壤磷含量、微生物群落及烟株磷吸收的影响  

Effects of Reduced Application of Phosphate Fertilizer on Soil Phosphorus Content,Microbial Community and Phosphorus Uptake in Tobacco Plants

作　　者：李春顺[1] 李伟鹏[1] 付金存[1] 汪金玲 李振武[1] 范伟 柳立 LI Chunshun;LI Weipeng;FU Jincun;WANG Jinling;LI Zhenwu;FAN Wei;LIU Li(Jiangsu China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan,410128,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏中烟工业有限责任公司,江苏南京210019 [2]湖南农业大学食品科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2023年第1期28-34,共7页Crop Research

基　　金：江苏中烟基地单元优质烟叶开发项目(2022);湖南省教育厅科研项目(20A230)。

摘　　要：为探索适合湖南永州烟稻轮作体系下烟叶生产的磷肥施用量,为烟草优质生产提供理论依据,在湖南永州设置CK(P2O5164.3 kg/hm^(2))、T1(磷素施用总量降低10%)、T2(磷素施用总量降低20%)3个处理,比较分析磷肥减量施用对土壤磷含量、微生物群落及烟株中磷含量的影响。结果显示,磷肥减量处理土壤中全磷和有效磷含量下降幅度分别为21.82%~40.95%和42.37%~58.18%;减磷10%和减磷20%处理的烟草茎和叶中磷含量显著下降,下降幅度分别为14.09%~26.19%和13.38%~26.32%;根际土壤中总磷和有效磷含量的下降幅度大于烟叶和烟茎,烟株含磷量仍处于适宜生长的范围内。微生物群落分析表明,减少施用10%和20%磷素处理显著增加了土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性,T1和T2处理都显著减少了变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)与解磷微生物的丰富度。T1和T2处理根际土壤细菌群落中与磷代谢相关的功能基因丰度降低。磷肥减量20%施用,根际土壤中全磷和有效磷含量显著下降,但烟草的茎和叶中磷含量仍处于适宜范围,不会影响烟草的正常生长发育,并对根际土壤微生物群落多样性及磷素合成相关的功能基因的表达有积极影响。In order to explore the amount of phosphate fertilizer suitable for tobacco leaf production under the tobacco rice rotation system in Yongzhou,Hunan Province,and to provide a theoretical basis for high-quality tobacco production,three treatments,CK(P2O5164.3 kg/hm^(2)),T1(total phosphorus application reduced by 10%),and T2(total phosphorus application reduced by 20%),were set up in Yongzhou,Hunan Province,and the effects of reduced application of phosphate fertilizer on soil phosphorus content,microbial community and phosphorus content of tobacco plants were comparatively analyzed.The results showed that the total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents in the soil treated with phosphate fertilizer reduction decreased by 21.82%-40.95%and 42.37%-58.18%,respectively.The phosphorus content in toba-cco stems and tobacco leaves treated with phosphorus reduction of 10%and phosphorus reduction of 20%decreased signi-ficantly,the decrease range was 14.09%-26.19%and 13.38%-26.32%,respectively,and the total phosphorus and avai-lable phosphorus content in rhizosphere soil decreased significantly compared with that in tobacco leaves and tobacco stems,but the phosphorus content of tobacco plants was still within the range suitable for growth.Microbial community ana-lysis showed that reducing the application of 10%and 20%phosphorus significantly increased the richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities,and both T1 and T2 treatments significantly reduced the richness of Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria and phosphorus-dissolving microorganisms.Decreased abundance of functional genes associated with phosphorus metabolism in T1 and T2 rhizosphere soil bacterial communities.The application of phosphorus fertilizer was reduced by 20%,and the content of total phosphorus and available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil decreased significantly,but the phosphorus content in tobacco stems and tobacco leaves remained within a suitable range,which would not affect the normal growth and development of tobacco,and had a p

关 键 词：烤烟 施肥 土壤 微生物群落 磷素 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]