刚果(金)铜钴矿废石工艺矿物学研究  

Study on Process Mineralogy of Copper-Cobalt Ore Waste Rock in Congo(Kinshasa)

作　　者：李圣 LI Sheng(Sicomines Sari,Beijing 100039,China)

机构地区：[1]华刚矿业股份有限公司,北京100039

出　　处：《中国资源综合利用》2023年第2期59-65,共7页China Resources Comprehensive Utilization

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2904503)。

摘　　要：为提高刚果(金)SICOMINES铜钴矿区内废石的分选技术指标,有必要对其进行化学元素组成、矿物分布特征、元素赋存状态、嵌布粒度等工艺矿物学研究。结果表明,该废石属发生强烈氧化的铜钴多金属共生矿,铜矿物主要为孔雀石、辉铜矿和硅孔雀石,呈粒度变化较大的不规则团块状或粒状嵌布在脉石中,粒度细小者与脉石的镶嵌关系大多较为复杂;钴矿物主要赋存状态为钴土矿,主要呈不规则土状或结核状分布在脉石中,沿边缘及裂隙可见形态多变的褐铁矿交代,与铜矿物的镶嵌关系不甚密切。铜矿物和钴土矿均具不均匀中细粒嵌布的特点。在-0.074 mm占95%左右的细度条件下,样品中90%以上的铜矿物呈单体产出;在-0.019 mm占95%左右的细度条件下,样品中90%以上的钴土矿呈单体产出。废石中,白云母、绿泥石和碳酸盐类矿物含量较高,在磨矿过程中易生成细泥而恶化分选环境,影响分选指标。建议探索重选-浮选联合的分选流程,减弱过磨产生的泥化现象,以提高铜钴精矿品位和回收率。In order to improve the separation technical index of waste rock in SICOMINES copper-cobalt mining area in the Congo(Kinshasa),it is necessary to carry out process mineralogy research on its chemical element composition,mineral distribution characteristics,element occurrence state,embedded particle size and so on.The results show that the waste rock belongs to the copper-cobalt polymetallic ore with strong oxidation,the copper minerals are mainly malachite,chalcocite and sillimachite,which are embedded in the gangue in irregular lumps or grains with large particle size changes,the inlay relationship between the fine particles and the gangue is mostly complex;the main occurrence state of cobalt minerals is cobaltite,which is mainly distributed in gangue in irregular soil or nodule form,limonite metasomatism with variable forms can be seen along the edges and fractures,and is not closely related to the mosaic of copper minerals.Both copper minerals and cobalt earth minerals are characterized by uneven distribution of medium-fine particles.At the fineness of-0.074 mm accounting for about 95%,more than 90%of copper minerals in the sample are produced as monomers;at the fineness of-0.019 mm accounting for about 95%,more than 90%of the cobalt ores in the sample are produced in single form.In the waste rock,the content of muscovite,chlorite and carbonate minerals is high,and it is easy to produce fine mud in the grinding process,which worsens the separation environment and affects the separation index.It is suggested to explore the separation process of gravity separation-flotation combination to reduce the sliming phenomenon caused by overgrinding,so as to improve the grade and recovery rate of copper-cobalt concentrate.

关 键 词：铜钴矿 废石 工艺矿物学 分选指标 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]