基于两阶段模型的应急医疗物资配送路径研究  

Research on Distribution Route of Emergency Medical Materials Based on Two-stage Model

作　　者：林灏 赵星[1] 张龙琳 LIN Hao;ZHAO Xing;ZHANG Longlin(College of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学土木与交通学院,南京210000

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报（交通科学与工程版）》2023年第1期54-60,共7页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology（Transportation Science & Engineering）

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2017B12714)。

摘　　要：针对突发公共卫生事件下应急医疗物资调度不当的问题,构建了应急医疗物资配送路径的两阶段模型,第一阶段考虑应急医疗物资的配送特点及“集散中心-配送中心-定点医院”三级物流网络的公平性和效率性,建立应急医疗物资匹配模型;第二阶段在传统配送路径模型的基础上考虑特殊物资变质问题,以行驶距离、时间惩罚、变质惩罚之和为目标,建立应急医疗物资路径规划模型.采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法和LKH求解器对两阶段模型进行求解,并以武汉新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间的实际情况为例验证.结果表明:构建的两阶段模型以及采用的算法,能够很好的兼顾公平和效率两个目标,从而根据应急医疗资源供给情况提供合理的配送方案,以实现应急医疗物资的快速转运.Aiming at the problem of improper dispatch of emergency medical materials under public health emergencies, a two-stage model of emergency medical materials distribution path was constructed. In the first stage, considering the distribution characteristics of emergency medical materials and the fairness and efficiency of the three-level logistics network of “distribution center-distribution center-designated hospital”, the matching model of emergency medical materials was established. In the second stage, based on the traditional distribution path model, the problem of deterioration of special materials was considered, and the path planning model of emergency medical materials was established with the sum of driving distance, time penalty and deterioration penalty as the goal. The NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm and LKH solver were used to solve the two-stage model, and the actual situation during the COVID-19 epidemic was taken as an example to verify it. The results show that the two-stage model and the algorithm adopted can well balance the two goals of fairness and efficiency, so as to provide a reasonable distribution plan according to the supply of emergency medical resources and realize the rapid transfer of emergency medical materials.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 应急医疗物资 配送路径 两阶段模型 NSGA-Ⅱ算法 LKH 

分 类 号：U492[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]