汤逊湖沉积物营养盐污染特征评价及治理策略  

Nutrients Pollution Characteristic Assessment and Treatment Strategy in Sediments of Tangxun Lake

作　　者：袁赛波 赵彬洁 王红丽 张静 杜明普 刘康福 李震宇 高兆波 曹秀云[3] 宋春雷[3] YUAN Sai-bo;ZHAO Bin-jie;WANG Hong-li;ZHANG Jing;DU Ming-pu;LIU Kang-fu;LI Zhen-yu;GAO Zhao-bo;CAO Xiu-yun;SONG Chun-lei(Wuhan Ecological Enviroment Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430050,China;Changjiang Surveying,Planning,Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd,Wuhan 430014,China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉生态环境设计研究院限公司,湖北武汉430050 [2]长江勘测规划设计研究院限责任公司,湖北武汉430014 [3]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2022年第12期2729-2742,共14页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

摘　　要：近年,汤逊湖流域水环境问题频出,点源和面源污染控制工程的有效实施虽使入湖水质得到了一定改善,但关于内源污染控制的相关研究却不多。为全面掌握汤逊湖的内源污染现状,分析了沉积物氮、磷和有机物空间分布特征和内源污染释放规律,并探讨了汤逊湖内源污染治理对策。结果表明:(1)汤逊湖沉积物营养物含量时空差异明显,主要污染物为总氮、总磷和有机质,污染层深度约0.2~0.8 m,含量均呈现冬季高夏季低的规律;(2)汤逊湖表层沉积物TN、TP和COD的平均释放速率分别为91.77、3.25、1 391.45 mg/m^(2)/d,不同湖区释放速率差异明显。根据汤逊湖的内源污染现状及水质现状,建议对汤逊湖内源污染严重的区域分区进行环保疏浚和原位底质改良,后期合理安排时序在适宜区域采取沉水植被恢复为主的水生态修复措施,进一步抑制内源污染释放。该研究可为汤逊湖内源污染治理及流域水环境综合治理提供科学依据。In recent years, the water environment problems in Tangxun Lake basin are frequent. With the effective implementation of point and non-point source pollution control engineering inTangxun Lake, the water quality was improved greatly, but there were relatively few studies on sediment internal pollution and treatment strategies in Tangxun Lake. In order to comprehensively understand the current situation of internal pollution in Tangxun Lake, this study focuseded on the spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in sediment and the release law of internal pollution of different lake area. and the controlling measures of internal pollution in Tangxun Lake were discussed. The results showed that:(1) The temporal and spatial difference of nutrient content in sediment of Tangxun Lake is obvious. The main pollutants were total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), organic matter, and the pollution depth was about 0.2-0.8 m, and the concentrations of those pollutants in winter were higher than that in summer.(2) The average release rates of TN, TP and chemical oxygen demand(COD) from surface sediments of Tangxun Lake were 91.77 mg/m^(2)/d, 3.25 mg/m^(2)/d and 1 391.45 mg/m^(2)/d, respectively, and the release rates varied significantly among different lake areas. According to the present situation of sediment pollution and water quality of Tangxun Lake, we suggested that environmental dredging and in-situ sediment improvement could be carried out in the areas with serious internal pollution. In the late, the appropriate time sequence should be arranged to restore submerged vegetation in the appropriate area, so as to further control the release of internal pollution. This study can provide scientific basis for the implementation of internal pollution control and comprehensive water environment control of Tangxun Lake basin.

关 键 词：湖泊 沉积物 营养盐 释放风险 治理策略 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]