改性粒状硫酸钙制备及其在聚氯乙烯中的应用  

Preparation of modified granular-like CaSO_(4) and its application in polyvinyl chloride

作　　者：徐丽 房可能 毕永香 杨敏[1] 陈前林[1] XU Li;FANG Keneng;BI Yongxiang;YANG Min;CHEN Qianlin(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学化学与化工学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2023年第3期104-112,共9页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1903500);贵州省重大科技专项(黔科合平台人才[2019]5410,[2016]3021);贵州省科技厅科技支撑计划项目(黔科合成果[2021]103)。

摘　　要：使用常压酸化法以磷石膏为原料制备粒状硫酸钙(G-CaSO_(4)),利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)探究了反应温度和反应时间对粒状硫酸钙物相和形貌的影响,对最佳条件下制备的粒状硫酸钙进行了红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM、HR-TEM)分析。然后,使用硬脂酸对粒状硫酸钙进行改性得到改性粒状硫酸钙(MG-CaSO_(4)),将改性粒状硫酸钙作为填料应用于聚氯乙烯(PVC)中,研究了改性粒状硫酸钙对聚氯乙烯复合材料微观形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明:粒状硫酸钙最佳制备条件为反应温度为100℃、反应时间为4 h,在此条件下成功制备得到平均粒径为0.27μm的粒状硫酸钙;使用5%(质量分数)的硬脂酸改性粒状硫酸钙,得到改性粒状硫酸钙;将改性粒状硫酸钙作为填料应用到聚氯乙烯中,当其添加量为2%(质量分数)时,聚氯乙烯复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弯曲强度分别提高了11.39%、41.73%和14.02%。研究结果可为磷石膏的高值化利用提供参考。Granular-like CaSO_(4)(G-CaSO_(4))was prepared from phosphogypsum by atmospheric acidification.The effect of the reaction temperature and time on the phase and morphology of G-CaSO_(4)were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM,HR-TEM)analyses were performed on G-CaSO_(4)of optimal conditions.Then,G-CaSO_(4)was modified with stearic acid to obtain modified granular-like CaSO_(4)(MG-CaSO_(4)),which was used as filler in PVC.The effect of MGCaSO_(4)on the micromorphology and mechanical properties of PVC composites were also studied.The results showed that the optimal conditions for the preparation of MG-CaSO_(4)were as follows:the reaction temperature was 100℃and the reaction time was 4 h.Under these conditions,G-CaSO_(4)with an average particle size of 0.27μm was successfully prepared,and then modified with 5%(mass fraction)stearic acid to MG-CaSO_(4).MG-CaSO_(4)was applied to PVC as filler,when the addition amount was 2%,the tensile strength,elongation at break and flexural strength of PVC composites were increased by 11.39%,41.73%and 14.02%,respectively.The research results ccould provide reference for the high-value utilization of phosphogypsum.

关 键 词：磷石膏 常压酸化法 改性粒状硫酸钙 聚氯乙烯 力学性能 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]