工艺参数对半固态流变压铸Al-Si-Mg合金组织与性能的影响  

Microstructure and Properties of Al-Si-Mg Alloy Components Prepared by Semisolid Rheo-diecasting Technology

作　　者：庞松 陈博文 季松 陈风[1] 华溪如 龚政轩 武丽丽[1] 许泉 戴铮 肖旅[1] Pang Song;Chen Bowen;Ji Song;Chen Feng;Hua Xiru;Gong Zhengxuan;Wu Lili;Xu Quan;Dai Zheng;Xiao Lu(Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute;Millilary Representative Office at Shanghai of Rocket Millitary Equipment Pepartment;Shanghai Institute of Electro Tensile Engineering)

机构地区：[1]上海航天精密机械研究所 [2]火箭军装备部驻上海地区军事代表室 [3]上海机电工程研究所

出　　处：《特种铸造及有色合金》2023年第2期200-205,共6页Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2037601);上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(18511109300);上海航天八院前沿基金资助项目(ZY2020-44)。

摘　　要：采用半固态流变压铸成形技术研制出Al-Si-Mg铝合金前舱,通过正交法对试验方案进行设计,研究了压射速度(0.2~0.3 m/s)、浇注温度(575~615℃)和压力(240~280 MPa)对铸件平均晶粒尺寸、平均形状因子、力学性能的影响,分析了Al-Si-Mg合金半固态浆料在流变压铸成形过程中的枝晶破碎和晶粒生长特征,讨论了组织与力学性能之间的内在联系及合金强化机理。结果表明,在试验条件下,各工艺参数对铸件组织和力学性能影响的重要性顺序依次为压射速度>浇注温度>压力;随着压射速度升高,浇注温度降低及压力升高,组织中的晶粒趋于细小圆整,屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率逐渐提高。优化工艺是压射速度为0.3 m/s,浇注温度为575℃,压力为280 MPa。Considering the demand of short-process and low-cost, the feasibility of semi-solid rheo-diecasting technology for the preparation of Al-Si-Mg alloy large cabin components was explored. The average grain size, average shape factor, mechanical properties of rheo-diecastings were investigated by orthogonal experiment with different injection velocities(0.2~0.3 m/s), pouring temperature(575~615 ℃) and pressure(240~280 MPa). The characteristics of dendritic fragmentation and grain growth of Al-Si-Mg alloy semi-solid slurry were expounded, and the intrinsic connection and strengthening mechanism between microstructure and mechanical properties were reviewed. The results reveal that the importance of the parameters to the microstructure and mechanical properties is presented as follows: injection velocities> pouring temperature> pressure.With the increase of injection velocities, the decrease of pouring temperature and the increase of pressure, the grain is more refine with more spheroization, and the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the castings are gradually increased. The optimized parameters are presented as follows: the injection velocities of 0.3 m/s, the pouring temperature of 575 ℃ and the pressure of 280 MPa.

关 键 词：Al-Si-Mg铝合金 流变压铸成形 拉伸性能 组织 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG249.2[金属学及工艺—金属材料]