水杨酸参与嫁接诱导的黄瓜幼苗耐冷性  

Salicylic acid is involved in grafting-induced chilling tolerance in cucumber seedlings

作　　者：付鑫 张艳艳 车豪杰 张晓伟 冯一清 陆文利 艾希珍[1] FU Xin;ZHANG Yanyan;CHE Haojie;ZHANG Xiaowei;FENG Yiqing;LU Wenli;AI Xizhen(State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and Geneti Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region,College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian,Shandong 271018,China;Taian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taian,Shandong 271001,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Chengyang District,Qingdao,Shandong 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院作物生物学国家重点实验室/农业部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点开放实验室/山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心,山东泰安271018 [2]泰安市农业科学院,山东泰安271018 [3]青岛市城阳区农业农村局,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2022年第12期2386-2400,共15页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31872155);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000304);山东省重大科技创新(2019JZZY010715);山东省蔬菜产业技术体系(SDAIT-05-10)。

摘　　要：嫁接是提高植物抗逆性的有效途径,水杨酸(SA)作为一种重要的植物激素,在调节植物对生物与非生物胁迫的响应中发挥重要作用。为了探明SA在提高嫁接黄瓜耐冷性中的作用机理,本文以‘中农6号’(冷敏感品种)、‘津优35’(耐冷品种)黄瓜自根嫁接苗(ZN6、JY35)和以‘金妈妈519’(M5,耐冷品种)南瓜为砧木的黄瓜嫁接苗(ZN6/M5、JY35/M5)为试材,研究砧、穗内源SA对低温胁迫(昼/夜温度8℃/5℃)的响应及其与嫁接黄瓜耐冷性的关系。结果表明,嫁接黄瓜砧/穗内源SA均受低温胁迫诱导,低温下ZN6、JY35、ZN6/M5和JY35/M5的SA含量及苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和异分支酸合成酶(ICS)活性与m RNA表达量依次升高。低温胁迫72 h各嫁接组合幼苗均出现冷害症状,但以ZN6最重,JY35其次,JY35/M5和ZN6/M5的较轻。低温胁迫使黄瓜幼苗的冷害指数、电解质渗漏率(EL)、丙二醛(MDA)和活性氧(ROS)积累量明显升高,冷胁迫响应基因大幅上调,光合速率(P_(n))、暗下光系统Ⅱ (_(PSⅡ))最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))和光下_(PSⅡ)实际光化学效率(Φ_(PSⅡ))显著降低。ZN6、JY35、ZN6/M5和JY35/M5的冷害指数、EL、MDA和ROS含量的增加幅度及P_(n)、F_(v)/F_(m)和Φ_(PSⅡ)的降低幅度依次减小,而冷胁迫响应基因的上调幅度依次增大。低温下各嫁接组合中的内源SA含量与冷害指数、EL、MDA和ROS积累呈显著负相关,而与冷胁迫响应基因表达及P_(n)呈显著正相关。可见,嫁接可通过减少ROS积累、上调冷胁迫基因表达和维持较高的光合能力增强黄瓜对低温胁迫的耐受性,SA参与调控品种和嫁接诱导的植株耐冷性。Grafting is an effective way to improve the plant resistance to stress.As an important plant hormone,salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in regulating plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.To explore the mechanism of SA in improving chilling tolerance of grafted cucumber (Cucumis sativus),we investigated the response of endogenous SA in rootstock and scion of grafted cucumber seedlings to chilling stress (8/5,day/night) and its relationship with chilling tolerance.The ’Zhongnong 6’(cold-sensitive),’Jinyou 35’(cold-tolerant) self-root (ZN6,JY35) and grafted cucumber seedlings with ’Jinmama519’(M5,cold-tolerant) pumpkin as rootstock (ZN6/M5,JY35/M5) were used as experimental materials.The results showed that the endogenous SA in rootstocks and scions of grafted cucumber seedlings were induced by chilling stress.The SA content,phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and isochorismate synthase (ICS) activities and m RNA expression in ZN6,JY35,ZN6/M5 and JY35/M5 increased successively under chilling stress.After 72 h at 8/5,every grafted combination seedlings showed visible damages in leaves,but ZN6 was the most serious,then was the JY35,and JY35/M5 and ZN6/M5 was the lightest.Chilling stress also significantly increased the chilling injury index,electrolyte leakage (EL),accumulations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygens (ROS),and the expression levels of cold-responsive genes,whereas markedly decreased the photosynthetic rate (P_(n)),maximum photochemical efficiency photosystem (_(PSⅡ)) in darkness (F_(v)/F_(m)) and actual photochemical efficiency in illumination (Φ_(PSⅡ)).The increase in the chilling injury index,EL,MDA and ROS accumulation,and the decrease in the P_(n),F_(v)/F_(m)and Φ_(PSⅡ)in ZN6,JY35,ZN6/M5 and JY35/M5 reduced successively,but the upregulating extent in the expression of cold-responsive genes in them increased gradually under chilling stress.After exposure to 8/5 for 72 h,there was a significant negative correlation between the endogenous SA and chilling inj

关 键 词：黄瓜 水杨酸 嫁接 活性氧 耐冷性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]