Crashworthiness of bamboo-inspired circular tubes used for the energy absorber of rail vehicles  

轨道车辆吸能部件用仿竹薄壁圆管的耐撞性研究

作　　者：Kai Liu Zhenhao Yu Kaiyun Wang Lin Jing 刘凯;于振浩;王开云;敬霖(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,610031,China)

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,610031,China

出　　处：《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2022年第8期149-162,共14页力学学报（英文版）

基　　金：This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12122211).

摘　　要：A new type of thin-walled circular tubes(CTs),which is inspired by the bamboo with highly-efficient energy absorption(EA)capability,was proposed and designed for the potential application of the energy absorber of rail vehicles in this study.And then,the axial crushing behavior and crashworthiness of the bamboo-inspired bionic tube(BT)were experimentally and numerically investigated,compared with the single CT and foam-filled tube(FT).The typical crushing responses(e.g.,deformation mode,load-displacement response,energy absorption,and strain distribution)and quantitative crashworthiness indicators(EA,SEA,FP,Fm,and CFE)of these three types of CTs were presented and discussed.Effects of impact velocity and foam relative density on the crashworthiness of tested tubes were also explored.The experimental and simulation results show that the BT specimen exhibits the best capability of load-carrying,energy absorption,and crashworthiness among three types of tubes.Compared with the CT specimen,the EA value of BT specimens increased by 93.1%,while the corresponding Fm value raised from 74.2 kN to 143.4 kN.随着列车提速和高速化的不断发展,列车运行高安全性和高可靠性保障要求愈发受到关注和重视,通过创新吸能结构设计优化列车碰撞能量的分级吸收和耗散能力,进一步提升列车被动安全性能具有重要意义.受自然界竹子优良力学性能和能量吸收特性的启发,基于竹子的宏/微观结构特点,本文设计了用于轨道车辆防爬吸能结构的仿竹薄壁圆管,研究其轴向压缩性能和耐撞性,比较仿竹圆管和普通圆管的变形/失效模式、载荷-位移响应、能量吸收特性和耐撞性指标等,探讨了冲击速度和填充泡沫铝相对密度对其耐撞性能的影响.实验和仿真研究表明,仿竹薄壁圆管的承载能力、能量吸收能力和耐撞性能均显著提升;相比于普通圆管,仿竹圆管的能量吸收值增加了93.1%,平均压溃力从74.2 kN提高到了143.4 kN.

关 键 词：Bamboo-inspired tube Energy absorber Impact response CRASHWORTHINESS Rail vehicles 

分 类 号：P742[天文地球—海洋科学] P743.2