一个新领域——风景园林批评学的研究框架  

Knowledge Framework for Landscape Architecture Criticism as a New Research Field

作　　者：慕晓东 MU Xiaodong(School of Architecture,Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2023年第3期33-41,共9页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：【目的】风景园林批评学因自身复杂的历史缘由和现实境况,在当前尚未得到系统的理论建构,亟须建立一套可供参阅和讨论的研究框架。【方法】研究拟从本体论、价值论、认识论、方法论和主体论5个方面展开论述。【结果】1)本体论主要界定风景园林批评的定义、内容、思维、类型、步骤和功能;2)价值论主要从学科、社会、生态和文化4个维度讨论风景园林批评的价值;3)认识论在四位一体(批评、历史、理论与设计)的认知基础上,深入理解风景园林批评的理论范畴;4)方法论依托于人文主义、实证主义和设计科学3种研究和批评范式,进而尝试重构风景园林批评核心方法论(即山水之境);5)主体论介绍了批评家的职责和呈现风景园林批评的多重媒介。【结论】这份研究框架旨在推动风景园林批评学的建立和发展,以期在学科层面、教育层面、行业层面、社会层面和时代层面均发挥相应的意义。[Objective] Due to its complex historical confrontations and realistic conditions,landscape architecture criticism hasn’t been theoretically constructed systematically. Given this, the research aims to establish a research framework for landscape architecture criticism in order to provoke further academic discussions and reflections.[Methods] The research explores the establishment of the aforesaid framework from the five aspects of ontology, axiology, epistemology, methodology and subjectivism, to reconstruct the theoretical discourse of landscape architecture criticism. In addition, the research makes a comprehensive review on relevant literature to provide reference for subsequent research. Based on this, the research argues that such factors as the pervasive misunderstanding of the terminology “ criticism”, the historical association of criticism with art and architecture as an affiliated branch of the latter, other disciplinary restrictions on landscape discourse, the flexible and unstable scale of landscape and the estrangement of landscape architects away from social intellectuals jointly lead to the deficiency of landscape architecture criticism.[Results] 1) In the aspect of ontology, the research constructs the definition,content, thinking mode, category, procedure, and function of landscape architecture criticism. Before elucidating the definition of landscape architecture criticism, the research advocates that it is crucial to distinguish their specific connotations of critical thinking, critical theory and criticism. Three keywords“critical thinking” “evaluative judgment” and “valuable” can help comprehend the definition of landscape architecture criticism. Specifically, landscape architecture criticism is essentially a reasonable objective judgment on landscape projects based on critical thinking involving skepticalness, reflection and speculation, the results of which are of particular value typically. Based on the classification standard considering both knowledge type and design

关 键 词：风景园林 批评学 本体论 价值论 认识论 方法论 主体论 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]