厦门市儿童呼吸道细菌性感染病原谱和流行病学分析  

Pathogen Spectrum and Epidemiological Analysis of Respiratory Tract Bacterial Infection in Children in Xiamen City

作　　者：庄鸿源 黄美恋 陈雷 ZHUANG Hong-yuan;HUANG Mei-lian;CHEN Lei(Xiamen Children's Hospital,Fujian Xiamen 361000)

机构地区：[1]厦门市儿童医院,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《深圳中西医结合杂志》2022年第24期11-14,共4页Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的:分析厦门市儿童呼吸道不同季节细菌感染的病原谱和流行病学特点,为患儿早期诊断治疗与及时有效防控提供依据。方法:选取2020年3月至2021年2月期间厦门市儿童医院呼吸道感染患儿痰液标本,采用GraphPad Prism统计学软件统计呼吸道病原菌检出情况,并观察不同年龄、不同季节的病原菌检出情况。结果:在3517份痰标本中,有1177例标本培养出致病性病原菌,阳性率为33.47%,病原菌的检出率由高到低分别为卡他莫拉菌、肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假假胞菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌。其中排前三的细菌是卡他莫拉菌427例(占36.28%),肺炎链球菌354例(占30.08%)、流感嗜血杆菌164例(占13.93%),肺炎链球菌和卡他莫拉菌检出率明显高于其他病原菌;婴儿期是细菌性感染的高发年龄段。检出的病原菌谱呈季节性分布,秋冬季高发,春夏两季感染明显减少。结论:厦门儿童呼吸道细菌感染病原菌谱以卡他莫拉菌、肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌为主。不同年龄段患儿中幼儿组和学龄前组感染肺炎链球菌比例较高,婴儿期是细菌性感染的高发年龄段且所有阳性检出菌中卡他莫拉菌数量最多。检出率也与季节具有一定相关性,秋冬两季卡他莫拉菌和肺炎链球菌患儿感染病比例明显高于春夏两季。儿童呼吸道细菌感染病原菌谱及其流行特点的分析对当地患儿早期诊断、治疗和监测防控有重要意义。Objective To analyze the pathogen spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of bacterial infection of respiratory tract in children in different seasons in Xiamen city, and to provide evidence for early diagnosis and treatment, timely and effective prevention and control of children. Methods Sputum samples of children with respiratory tract infection were selected from Xiamen Children’s Hospital from March 2020 to February 2021. The GraphPad Prism statistical software was used to calculate the detection situation of respiratory tract pathogens, and the detection situation of pathogens in different ages and seasons was observed. Results Among the 3517 sputum samples, pathogenic bacteria were cultured in 1177 cases, with a positive rate of 33.47 %. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria from high to low were moraxella catarrata, streptococcus pneumoniae,haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli and acinetobacter baumannii. The top three bacteria were 427 cases of moraxella catarrata(36.28 %), 354 cases of streptococcus pneumoniae(30.08 %)and 164 cases of haemophilus influenzae(13.93 %). The detection rate of streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrata was significantly higher than that of other pathogens. Infancy is the most common age for bacterial infections. The pathogenic bacteria spectrum showed seasonal distribution, high incidence in autumn and winter, and the infection decreased significantly in spring and summer. Conclusion Pathogenic bacteria spectrum of children respiratory tract bacterial infection in Xiamen were mainly moraxella catarrata, streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae. Among the children of different ages, the proportion of streptococcus pneumoniae infection was higher in the infant group and the preschool group. Infancy was the high incidence age of bacterial infection, and the number of moraxella catarrhal was the largest among all the positive bacteria. The incidence of moraxella catarrata and st

关 键 词：呼吸道细菌性感染 病原谱 厦门市 儿童 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]