蚯蚓与植物协同对沙壤土中铬移除的影响特征  

Synergistic effects of earthworm and plant on removal of chromium in sandy loam soil

作　　者：刘学方 韦杰 张军[3,4] 王浩羽 宋言 孙进宇 居静 赵海涛 封克 LIU Xuefang;WEI Jie;ZHANG Jun;WANG Haoyu;SONG Yan;SUN Jinyu;JU Jing;ZHAO Haitao;FENG Ke(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Yangzhou Vocational University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Geographic Information Collection,Processing and Application of Ministry of Education,Yangzhou 225009,China;Jiangsu Safety&Environment Technology and Equipment for Planting and Breeding Industry Engineering Research Center,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市职业大学资源与环境工程学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室,江苏扬州225127 [3]地理信息采集加工及应用教育部协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [4]江苏省种植养殖业安全环境技术及装备工程研究中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2022年第6期51-59,共9页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31000939);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2018362);江苏省高等学校优秀科技创新团队项目[(苏教科(2021)1号)];江苏省种植养殖业安全环境技术及装备工程研究中心开放课题(JSZY-2022-08)。

摘　　要：采用控制试验探究蚯蚓(赤子爱胜蚓、威廉环毛蚓)与植物(黑麦草、玉米)协同对铬污染(15、50 mg·kg^(-1))土壤中铬的移除特征。结果表明:(1)蚯蚓吞食过腹后土壤中稳定态铬(残渣态、可氧化态)含量显著降低,活性态铬(酸可提取态、可还原态)含量显著增加。(2)吞食铬污染土壤后蚯蚓肠道细菌主要为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota),蚯蚓体的丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著增加,谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)和线粒体活性氧酶(ROS)活性显著降低;高铬浓度(50 mg·kg^(-1))土壤使蚯蚓体MDA含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性增加量更大。(3)黑麦草移除土壤铬能力显著优于玉米,赤子爱胜蚓与黑麦草协同后低铬浓度(15 mg·kg^(-1))和高铬浓度土壤中铬的移除率分别达到88.4%和79.5%。综上,蚯蚓能有效提升土壤中铬生物有效性,赤子爱胜蚓与黑麦草协同最有利于移除土壤中的铬。A control experiment was conducted to investigate the removal characteristics of chromium(Cr)from Cr polluted soil(15,50 mg·kg^(-1))by synergism between earthworms and plant.Earthworm species were Eisenia foetida and E.williamsii,and plants were ryegrass and corn.The results showed that:(1)After the earthworm swallowed the soil,the content of stable Cr(residual and oxidizable)decreased significantly while the content of active Cr(acid extractable and reducible)increased significantly.(2)After swallowed Cr contaminated soil,the main intestinal bacteria of earthworm gut were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria.The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)of earthworm increased significantly,while the activities of glutathione S-transferase(GST)and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)decreased significantly.The content of MDA and the activity of SOD in earthworm increased more in the soil with high Cr concentration(50mg·kg^(-1)).(3)The removal rate of Cr in low Cr concentration(15mg·kg^(-1))and high Cr concentration soil was 88.4%and 79.5%,respectively.In conclusion,earthworm can effectively enhance the bioavailability of Cr in soil,and earthworm(E.foetida)cooperated with ryegrass was the best way to remove Cr from soil.

关 键 词：蚯蚓 黑麦草 玉米 土壤 铬移除 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]