以秀丽隐杆线虫为模型的电离辐射损伤研究进展  

Research progress in ionizing radiation damage using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model

作　　者：王周旋 朱彤 樊赛军[1] Wang Zhouxuan;Zhu Tong;Fan Saijun(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine,Institute of Radiation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Peking Union Medical College,Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院放射医学研究所,天津市放射医学与分子核医学重点实验室,天津300192

出　　处：《国际放射医学核医学杂志》2022年第11期697-703,共7页International Journal of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81730086);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3332019098);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2021-I2M-1-042)。

摘　　要：秀丽隐杆线虫(简称线虫)作为一种经典模式生物,已被广泛应用于辐射损伤研究领域。电离辐射在线虫体内造成的损伤与脊椎动物相似,主要体现在DNA损伤、活性氧水平上升、衰老加速和生殖系统受损等。以线虫作为电离辐射动物模型的研究已经在辐射损伤领域中取得很多突破。电离辐射引起的线虫衰老受多种因素影响,包括错误的蛋白表达、脂质代谢的改变等。电离辐射可诱导线虫生殖细胞凋亡、细胞周期阻滞和DNA损伤。以线虫作为电离辐射动物模型的研究对高等生物的辐射效应研究有重要意义。笔者简要综述了以线虫为模型的辐射损伤研究进展。Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans for short)has been widely used in researches on ionizing radiation as a classic model organism.Similar to vertebrates,the injury induced by radiation mainly include DNA damage,increase of reactive oxygen species level,accelerated aging,and the injury in reproductive system.As a model of ionizing radiation,C.elegans have made many breakthroughs in the field of radiation damage.The accelerated aging induced by ionizing radiation is controlled by multiple factors,like the incorrect expression of proteins and altered lipid metabolism.Ionizing radiation induces apoptosis,cell cycle arrest,and DNA damage in germ cells.C.elegans,as a well-established model of ionizing radiation,has significant implications for the study of radiation effects in higher organisms.The research progress in ionizing radiation damage using C.elegans as a model is reviewed in this paper.

关 键 词：秀丽新小杆线虫 辐射 电离 生殖细胞 衰老 模式生物 

分 类 号：R818[医药卫生—放射医学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]