铌精矿配碳球团熔分过程与元素迁移试验研究  

Experimental Study on Melting Separation and Element Migration of Carbon-Containing Pellets of Niobium Concentrate

作　　者：马壮[1,2,3] 赵增武[1,2,3] 郭文涛[1,2,3] MA Zhuang;ZHAO Zengwu;GUO Wentao(Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal Resources,School of Materials and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal Resources,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Associated Mineral Waste Resources,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院,白云鄂博矿多金属资源综合利用重点实验室,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古科技大学白云鄂博共伴生矿资源高效综合利用省部共建协同创新中心,内蒙古包头014010 [3]内蒙古科技大学白云鄂博共伴生矿废弃物资源综合利用国家地方联合工程研究中心,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2023年第1期99-104,共6页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金(2018ZD07,2020BS05016);内蒙古重大基础研究开放课题(0406091701,20140201);内蒙古科技重大专项(ZDZX2018032)。

摘　　要：以白云鄂博铌精矿及半焦粉为原料,使用高温热台原位观察碱度对配碳球团还原产物熔分过程的影响。在不同熔分条件下对最佳碱度的样品进行淬火并制样,采用SEM-EDS分析熔分过程中元素迁移规律,采用XRD、同步热分析仪以及ICP相结合定量分析了熔分过程中Nb、Si元素反应率。结果表明:二元碱度为1.0时能够有效抑制熔分过程中渣液喷溅现象并提高熔分效果。在碱度1.0条件下,1 350℃时渣中SiO_(2)在渣金界面发生还原反应并进入铁相,1 400℃保温2 min后在渣金界面上铁液中C优先与渣中铌氧化物发生还原反应生成NbC。少量NbC溶入铁相,其余大部分NbC将粒铁包裹形成滞留带,阻碍渣金界面传质,降低还原反应速率。1 400℃保温10 min后,Nb、Si元素的反应率分别为36%和1.7%。Ti、RE元素在熔分过程中全程不参与反应。With Bayan Obo niobium concentrate and semi-coke powder as raw materials, effect of basicity on melting process of the reduction product of carbon-containing pellets was observed in situ by using a high temperature heat table. The samples with optimum basicity were quenched and prepared at different melting conditions. The migration rule of elements during the melting process was analyzed by SEM-EDS, and the reaction rates of Nb and Si in the melting process were quantitatively analyzed by XRD, TG-DSC and ICP. Results show that with the binary basicity of 1.0, the spattering of molten slag can be effectively suppressed and the melting efficiency can be improved. With the basicity of 1.0 and temperature of 1 350 ℃, the SiO_(2)in the slag is reduced at slag-gold interface and pulled into iron phase. After the molten slag is held at 1 400 ℃ for 2 min, the C in molten iron at slag-gold interface is preferentially reacted with the niobium oxide in the slag and reduced to NbC. A small amount of NbC is dissolved into the iron phase, and most of the remaining NbC is wrapped around the granular iron, forming a retention zone, which hinders the mass transfer at the slag-gold interface and reduces the reduction rate. After hot-holding at 1 400 ℃ for 10 min, the reaction rates of Nb and Si are 36% and 1.7% respectively. Titanium and rare earth are not involved in the reaction during the whole melting separation process.

关 键 词：铌 配碳球团 还原 碱度 铌精矿 原位观察 熔分 元素迁移 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]