锂电池正极废料选择性解离与高效分选技术研究  

Selective Dissociation and Efficient Separation of Cathode Material of Spent Lithium-ion Batteries

作　　者：康飞 王天雅 赵玉娟 濮永全 何明明[2] 孙峙 KANG Fei;WANG Tianya;ZHAO Yujuan;PU Yongquan;HE Mingming;SUN Zhi(School of Chemical Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Process Engineering of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Metallurgy and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学化学工程学院,北京100049 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京100190 [3]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [4]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2023年第1期123-128,共6页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51874269;51934006);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRM-CN-2020-1);中国科学院化学化工科学数据中心能力建设项目(WX145XQ07-12)。

摘　　要：采用机械力和温度耦合作用的解离技术,通过调控选择性解离工艺参数,使正极材料脱落,同时铝箔球化。结果表明,喂料电机频率40 Hz、循环风机频率40 Hz、解离设备频率50 Hz时,选择性解离效果较好,-1.7+0.075 mm粒级铝箔实现球化,-0.075+0.048 mm粒级和-0.048 mm粒级正极材料颗粒表面粗糙,被有机黏结剂包裹,最终得到正极片解离率为96.35%、正极材料单次回收率为94.95%、Al杂质含量小于0.15%的指标。基于机械力和温度耦合的选择性解离技术能够实现正极片的高效分离分选,缩短电池处理流程,实现金属高效富集。A technique combining mechanical force and heating effect was adopted to selectively disassociate cathode material from spent lithium-ion batteries and roll the aluminum foil by adjusting processing parameters. The results show that a better disassociation effect can be obtained with the frequency of electric motor, air circulation fan and dissociation device at 40 Hz, 40 Hz and 50 Hz, respectively. The aluminum foil with particle size of-1.7 +0.075 mm is rolled to be spherical, and the cathode materials with particle size of-0.075+0.048 mm and-0.048 mm are rough on the surface and wrapped by organic binder. The final dissociation rate of cathode sheet can be up to 96.35%, and the cathode material can be recovered at a rate of 94.95% by single operation, with the content of Al impurity less than 0.15%. It is shown that this selective dissociation technique based on a combination of mechanic force and heating effect can actualize an efficient separation and sorting of cathode sheet, not only shortening the battery disposal process flow but also achieving efficient metal enrichment.

关 键 词：废旧电池回收 磷酸铁锂 正极片 铝箔 选择性解离 高效分选 短流程 

分 类 号：TD921[矿业工程—选矿]