棉/APP/PHBV阻燃复合材料的制备及性能分析  

Preparation and property analysis of cotton/APP/PHBV flame retardant composite material

作　　者：张毅[1,2] 杨彬 张奇鹏[1] 高金霞[3] 郁崇文 ZHANG Yi;YANG Bin;ZHANG Qipeng;GAO Jinxia;YU Chongwen(Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College,Shaoxing,312000,China;Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Functional and High Value-added Textiles,Shaoxing,312000,China;Shaoxing Touzhen Textile Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing,312030,China;Donghua University,Shanghai,201620,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业职业技术学院,浙江绍兴312000 [2]绍兴市功能性与高附加值纺织品重点实验室,浙江绍兴312000 [3]绍兴透真纺织科技有限公司,浙江绍兴312030 [4]东华大学,上海201620

出　　处：《棉纺织技术》2023年第3期47-52,共6页Cotton Textile Technology

基　　金：浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y202146090)。

摘　　要：探讨精梳落棉/聚磷酸铵(APP)/3⁃羟基丁酸酯和3⁃羟基戊酸酯的共聚物(PHBV)阻燃复合材料替代黄麻阻燃复合材料的可行性。将精梳落棉制备成纤维粉末,注塑成型为9种配比的棉纤维粉/APP/PHBV阻燃复合材料,以阻燃和燃烧性能为指标进行了配比优选。测试了优选配比的棉纤维粉/APP/PHBV的阻燃和燃烧性能、热稳定性、拉伸性能、红外光谱、断面形貌结构,并与2种典型的黄麻阻燃复合材料产品进行对比。结果表明:棉纤维粉/APP/PHBV质量配比为35/10.5/54.5时,阻燃性能较优,LOI值可达27.9%,UL94等级V⁃0级,点燃时间20 s,平均有效燃烧热26.6 MJ/kg,平均热释放速率184 kW/m^(2),总释放烟量4.5 m^(2);与黄麻纤维毡/APP/PP和黄麻纤维毡/APP/PHBV阻燃复合材料相比,除拉伸强度稍低外,其他各项性能均达到黄麻阻燃复合材料水平。认为:棉纤维粉/APP/PHBV 35/10.5/54.5的阻燃复合材料性能较好,可部分替代黄麻阻燃复合材料。Feasibility of replacing jute flame retardant composite material with combing waste/ammonium polyphosphate(APP)/3⁃hydroxybutyrate and 3⁃hydroxyvalerate copolymer(PHBV)was discussed.Fiber powder was prepared from combing waste,9 kinds of cotton fiber powder/APP/PHBV flame retardant composite material were molded by injection molding which used the flame retardant and combustion properties as indexes to the optimize ratio.Meanwhile,flame retardancy,combustion property,thermal stability,tensile,infrared spectrum and cross⁃section structure of the optimized cotton fiber powder/APP/PHBV were tested.The results showed that when the mass ratio of cotton fiber powder/APP/PHBV was 35/10.5/54.5,flame retardant was better,LOI value could reach 27.9%,the UL94 grade was V⁃0,the ignition time was 20 s,the average effective heat of combustion was 26.6 MJ/kg,the average heat release rate was 184 kW/m^(2),the total smoke release was 4.5 m^(2).Compared with jute fiber felt/APP/PP and jute fiber felt/APP/PHBV flame retardant composites,other properties of jute fiber felt/APP/PHBV flame retardant composite material were up to the level except slightly lower tensile strength.It is considered that properties of cotton fiber powder/APP/PHBV 35/10.5/54.5 flame retardant composite material are better and could partially replace jute flame retardant composite material.

关 键 词：精梳落棉 阻燃复合材料 阻燃剂 聚磷酸铵 PHBV 锥形量热 极限氧指数 

分 类 号：TS102.[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]