考虑旁路二极管故障的光伏组件数学建模及功率特性分析研究  

Mathematical Modeling and Power Characteristic Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules Considering Bypass Diode Faults

作　　者：晏璐 陈浈斐[1] 刘喜泉 王方政 喻洋 YAN Lu;CHEN Zhenfei;LIU Xiquan;WANG Fangzheng;YU Yang(College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;Science and Technology Research Institute,China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院,江苏南京211100 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司科学技术研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《智慧电力》2023年第2期84-90,共7页Smart Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51907052);中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(WWKY-2021-0049)。

摘　　要：在光伏组件中引入旁路二极管是目前解决组件中电流失配问题的主要手段,但是当旁路二极管故障时,不仅会导致光伏组件的功率损失,极端情况下还会引发火灾。考虑到目前针对旁路二极管故障尚缺乏有效的检测手段,本文根据光伏组件中旁路二极管的工作原理和热特性,建立了一种考虑旁路二极管的光伏组件数学模型,分析了旁路二极管故障时光伏组件的输出特性;最后,搭建了并网光伏系统模型,分析了旁路二极管损坏对光伏系统最大功率跟踪控制的影响,为光伏系统故障诊断提供了理论依据。Bypass diodes are introduced to suppress current mismatching among photovoltaic modules at present.However,when the bypass diode faults occur,not only will that cause the power loss of the photovoltaic modules,but the fire in extreme cases will be caused.At present,there is no effective detection method for the bypass diode faults.Therefore,according to the working principle and thermal characteristics of the bypass diodes in the photovoltaic modules,the paper establishes a mathematical model of the photovoltaic modules considering the bypass diodes,and analyzes the influence of the bypass diode faults on the output characteristics of the photovoltaic modules.Finally,a grid-connected photovoltaic system model is built to analyze the impact of the bypass diode damage on the maximum power tracking control of the photovoltaic system.

关 键 词：光伏组件 旁路二极管 故障分析 输出特性 最大功率跟踪 

分 类 号：TM914[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]