水介质对超声空蚀纳米生成物形貌的影响  

Effect of Water Medium on Morphology of Ultrasonic Cavitation Nano-products

作　　者：郭诒大 陈海舰 刘峰斌 叶子 周刚[2] 豆照良 司丽娜 GUO Yida;CHEN Haijian;LIU Fengbin;YE Zi;ZHOU Gang;DOU Zhaoliang;Si Lina(School of Mechanical&Materials Engineering,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China;Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学机械与材料工程学院,北京100144 [2]北京控制工程研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2023年第2期110-116,共7页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51775044);北京市自然科学基金项目(3204037;3212003)。

摘　　要：为探究水介质下超声空蚀纳米结构的生成机制,研究不同水介质条件下超声空蚀纳米生成物的形貌特征。利用超声振动空蚀实验装置,在4种不同水介质中分别对45钢样品进行超声空蚀实验,通过激光共聚焦显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对实验后样品表面空蚀纳米生成物形貌进行分析。结果表明:45钢在不同水介质中空蚀生成的纳米微结构有很大差异;在去离子水和Na Cl溶液中空蚀坑环状区域纳米结构呈现为不规则絮状结构,在自来水和Na_(2)SO_(4)溶液中生成的空蚀坑周围形成了纳米多层片状结构;在自来水中,随着超声时间的增加,纳米单层片状结构先是长度方向尺寸增大,后逐渐叠加成纳米多层片状结构,总厚度增大。45钢在自来水中超声空蚀生成的纳米多层片状结构的尺寸,与实验时间和介质中离子有关,源于空蚀-腐蚀耦合作用产生;自来水中的SO_(4)^(2-)等离子也为片状纳米层间的组装起到促进作用。In order to explore the formation mechanism of ultrasonic cavitation nanostructures in aqueous media,the morphological characteristics of ultrasonic cavitation nanostructures in different aqueous media were studied.By using the ultrasonic vibration cavitation test device,the 45 steel sample was subjected to ultrasonic cavitation experiments in four different water media.The morphology of cavitation nano products on the sample surface was analyzed by laser confocal microscope and scanning electron microscope.It is found that the nanostructures of 45 steel produced by cavitation in different water media are quite different.In deionized water and Na Cl solution,the nanostructure of the cavitation pits in the ringshaped area appears as an irregular flocculent structure,and the nano multilayer sheet structure is formed around the cavitation pits generated in tap water and Na_(2)SO_(4)solution.In tap water,with the increase of ultrasonic time,the size of nano monolayer sheet structure first increases in the length direction,and then gradually superimposes into nano multilayer sheet structure,and the total thickness increases.In conclusion,the size of the nano multilayer sheet structure produced by ultrasonic cavitation erosion of 45 steel in tap water is related to the experiment time and the ions in the medium,which is caused by the coupling effect of cavitation erosion-corrosion.At the same time,SO_(4)^(2-)and other ions in tap water also contribute to the assembly of lamellar nano layers.

关 键 词：超声空蚀 纳米结构 水介质 微观形貌 微射流 

分 类 号：TV131.32[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]