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作 者:王一钊 刘玉秀[1] 孟天琪 魏仕 张正茂[1] WANG Yizhao;LIU Yuxiu;MENG Tianqi;WEI Shi;ZHANG Zhengmao(College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
机构地区:[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100
出 处:《麦类作物学报》2023年第1期14-25,共12页Journal of Triticeae Crops
基 金:陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020KWZ-011);陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2020GHJD-17);哈萨克斯坦科克舍套农业科技示范园建设。
摘 要:春化作用和光周期现象是影响小麦抽穗、成花转变的重要因素,与小麦的适应性密切相关。温光发育特性是决定小麦适应性的重要生态因素,其影响小麦种植区域分布、引种以及栽培措施的选择。小麦温光发育受4个春化主效基因 Vrn-1、 Vrn-2、 Vrn-3和 Vrn-4及3个光周期基因 Ppd-D1、 Ppd-B1和 Ppd-A1的调控。丰富的春化、光周期基因等位变异,可提高小麦的遗传多样性和广泛适应性。本文综述了近年来小麦温光发育与分子基础研究进展,主要包括小麦春化发育特性、光周期发育与温光互作效应、春化和光周期基因的分子机理以及等位变异类型与地理分布,并分析了小麦冬春性与温光互作分子机理研究中存在的问题,以期为小麦温光发育的分子研究、品种遗传改良和引种提供理论依据。Vernalization and photoperiod are important factors affecting wheat heading and flower transition, and are closely related to wheat adaptability. The characteristics of thermo-photoperiod development are important ecological factors determining the wheat adaptability, and affecting the planting distribution, introduction and selection of cultivation methods of wheat. The thermo-photoperiod development of wheat was regulated by four major vernalization genes Vrn-1, Vrn-2, Vrn-3 and Vrn-4 and three photoperiod genes Ppd-D1, Ppd-B1 and Ppd-A1. The genetic diversity and extensive adaptability of wheat can be improved by abundant allelic variations of vernalization and photoperiod genes. In this paper, we summarized the progress of wheat thermo-photoperiod development and molecular basis in recent years, mainly including vernalization development characteristics, photoperiod development and thermo-photoperiod interaction, molecular mechanism of vernalization and photoperiod genes, allelic variation types and geographical distribution, and analyzed the problems existing in research on the molecular mechanism of wheat winter-spring and thermo-photoperiod interaction. This review will provide theoretical basis for molecular research of thermo-photoperiod, genetic improvement and introduction of wheat.
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