黄淮麦区部分强筋小麦品种的遗传差异分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Some Strong Glutenin Wheat Cultivars from Huanghuai Wheat Area

作　　者：张勇 沈业松 杨子博[1] 杜莹莹 周羊梅 王安邦[1] 刘畅[1] 顾正中[1] ZHANG Yong;SHEN Yesong;YANG Zibo;DU Yingying;ZHOU Yangmei;WANG Anbang;LIU Chang;GU Zhengzhong(Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Xuhuai Region,Jiangsu Province/Huai’an Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biotechnology,Huai’an,Jiangsu 223001;Xinyang Agricultural Experiment Station,Yancheng,Jiangsu 224049,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所/淮安市农业生物技术重点实验室,江苏淮安223001 [2]盐城市新洋农业试验站,江苏盐城224049

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2023年第1期36-45,共10页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2021310-1);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(20)3036);江苏省重大品种创制项目(PZCZ201706)。

摘　　要：为明确黄淮麦区现有强筋小麦品种遗传组成,本研究利用SDS-PAGE、KASP技术和35K SNP芯片技术对黄淮麦区具代表性的27个强筋小麦品种进行了高分子量谷蛋白鉴定、品质相关基因检测及遗传多样性分析。HMW-GS鉴定结果显示,供试品种在Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1位点优质亚基分布频率分别为85.2%、74.1%和81.5%。从位点间亚基组合看,含有三个、两个及两个以下优质亚基的品种数为14个、10个和3个,分别占比51.9%、37.0%和11.1%。1BL/1RS、PPO活性和黄色素含量基因鉴定结果显示,优势单倍型非1BL/1RS、Ppo-A1b(低PPO活性)、Ppo-D1a(低PPO活性)、Psy-A1b(低黄色素)和Psy-B1b(低黄色素)分布频率分别为66.7%、66.7%、29.6%、48.1%和51.9%。同时含两个低PPO活性单倍型(Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1a)的品种有7个,占比25.9%;同时含两个低黄色素单倍型(Psy-A1b/Psy-B1b)的品种有9个,占比33.3%。籽粒硬度基因鉴定显示,供试品种基因型较为单一,除西农529(Pina-D1b/Pinb-D1b)外,其余品种基因型均一致(Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1b)。从多基因聚合结果看,供试品种中未检测到聚合了以上所有优势单倍型的品种,表明现有的强筋小麦品种在遗传上仍有较大改良潜力。遗传多样性分析结果表明,供试强筋小麦品种遗传背景较为狭隘,品种间遗传距离为0.028~0.495,平均仅为0.397;供试品种分为三大类,分别有11个、7个和9个品种,聚类结果基本符合地域来源和亲缘关系特征。In order to clarify the genetic composition of current strong gluten wheat varieties,SDS-PAGE,KASP techniques and 35K SNP chips were used to identify high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits,detect quality-related genes and analyze genetic diversity of 27 representative strong gluten wheat varieties from Huanghuai wheat area.The HMW-GS identification results showed that the distribution frequencies of elite subunits at Glu-A1,Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci were 85.2%,74.1%and 81.5%,respectively.In terms of subunits combination,the number of cultivars containing three,two,or less desired subunits were 14,10 and 3,accounting for 51.9%,37.0%and 11.1%of the total materials,respectively.Identification results of 1BL/1RS translocation,PPO activity genes and yellow pigment genes showed that the distribution frequencies of excellent haplotypes non-1BL/1RS,Ppo-A1b(low PPO activity),Ppo-D1a(low PPO activity),Psy-A1b(low yellow pigment content)and Psy-B1b(low yellow pigment content)were 66.7%,66.7%,29.6%,48.1%and 51.9%,respectively.There are seven varieties containing two low-PPO active haplotypes(Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1a),accounting for 25.9%.Also,nine varieties contain two low-yellow pigment haplotypes(Psy-A1b/Psy-B1b),accounting for 33.3%.The identification of grain hardness genes,except Xinong 529(Pina-D1b/Pinb-D1b),showed that all varieties have same genotypes(Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1b).From the perspective of multiple elite alleles polymerization,no cultivar can possess all excellent haplotypes at the same time,indicating that the current strong gluten wheat varieties still have great potential for genetic improvement.Genetic diversity analysis showed that the genetic background of the tested varieties was relatively narrow;the genetic distance between the tested varieties varied from 0.028 to 0.495,and the average distance was only 0.397.These varieties can be grouped into three categories by clustering analysis,with 11,7 and 9 varieties in each category.This result basically conforms to the characteristics of regional origin and kinship.

关 键 词：强筋小麦 基因鉴定 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330