废三元锂离子电池正极材料脱锂渣的淀粉还原浸出动力学  

Leaching kinetics of de-lithium residue from spent ternary lithium-ion battery cathodic materials with starch as reductant

作　　者：李为轮 陈永明 李帅 王长红 李云 赵天瑜 Michael TRAVERSY 常聪 介亚菲 何静 唐朝波 杨声海 Wei-lun LI;Yong-ming CHEN;Shuai LI;Chang-hong WANG;Yun LI;Tian-yu ZHAO;Michael TRAVERSY;Cong CHANG;Ya-fei JIE;Jing HE;Chao-bo TANG;Sheng-hai YANG(School of Metallurgy and Environment,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;The Robert M.Buchan Department of Mining,Queen’s University,25 Union Street,Kingston,Ontario K7L3N6,Canada)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083 [2]The Robert M.Buchan Department of Mining,Queen’s University,25 Union Street,Kingston,Ontario K7L3N6,Canada

出　　处：《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》2023年第2期619-631,共13页中国有色金属学报（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the Anhui Province Innovative Engineering Project for New Energy Vehicles and Intelligent Connected Vehicles,China.;the funding support from the Research Fund Program of State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization,China(No.GK-201806)。

摘　　要：以淀粉为还原剂从废三元锂离子电池(LIBs)正极材料脱锂渣中回收Ni、Co和Mn,并研究其浸出动力学和机理。系统地研究搅拌速率、浸出温度、H_(2)SO_(4)浓度和淀粉用量对Ni、Co和Mn浸出率的影响。结果表明,在搅拌速率为500 r/min、硫酸浓度为1.5 mol/L、淀粉用量为6 g/L、浸出温度为80℃和浸出时间为60 min的优化条件下,Ni、Co和Mn的浸出率分别达到98.07%、96.52%和98.06%。根据冶金过程液固反应动力学模型,脱锂渣的浸出动力学可以用化学反应控制的未反应收缩核模型很好地进行描述。在浸出反应中,Ni、Co和Mn的表观反应活化能分别为93.32、102.84和95.68 k J/mol,H_(2)SO_(4)的表观反应级数分别为0.9225、1.0335和1.1285。淀粉容易制取、成本低,可取代传统还原剂用于从废三元锂电池中提取有价金属。Starch was employed as a reductant for the recovery of Ni,Co,and Mn from ternary lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)cathodic materials de-lithium residue,and the leaching kinetics and mechanism were studied.The effects of stirring speed,leaching temperature,H_(2)SO_(4)concentration,and starch dosage on leaching efficiencies of Ni,Co,and Mn from de-lithium residue were systematically investigated.Optimized conditions(1.5 mol/L H_(2)SO_(4),6 g/L starch,stirring speed of 500 r/min,80°C and 60 min)yielded leaching efficiencies of 98.07%,96.52%,and 98.06%,for Ni,Co,and Mn,respectively.Apparent activation energies,described by the chemically controlled unreacted shrinking core model,were 93.32,102.84,and 95.68 k J/mol,for Ni,Co,and Mn,and their apparent reaction orders in H_(2)SO_(4)were 0.9225,1.0335,and 1.1285,respectively.Starch is abundant,affordable,and exceptionally alternative to conventional reductants for the recovery of valuable metals from spent ternary LIBs.

关 键 词：废旧锂离子电池 浸出动力学 脱锂渣 H2SO4-淀粉溶液 化学反应控制 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]