军事作业应激对肌肉功能的不良影响及防护策略  

Adverse effects of military operational stress on muscle function and strategies for protection

作　　者：金虹 何俊 张丽 贾栗 郭家彬 JIN Hong;HE Jun;ZHANG Li;JIA Li;GUO Jia-bin(Department of Military Operational Medical Protection,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA,Beijing 100071,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军疾病预防控制中心军事作业医学防护科,北京100071

出　　处：《军事医学》2023年第1期65-70,共6页Military Medical Sciences

摘　　要：军人在军事作业时可能暴露于严重的能量不足、睡眠剥夺、认知需求和极端环境等外界应激环境中,在这些复合因素影响下,可导致肌肉蛋白质降解、性腺功能减退,以及肌肉质量减少。该文综述了军事作业应激状态下肌肉功能损伤特点及干预措施。恢复应激状态下的合成代谢激素水平,是保证饮食蛋白质对肌肉的合成代谢响应所必需的。在持续军事作业应激状态下,恢复睾酮正常水平有利于缓解应激性肌肉损失。此外,最佳蛋白质尤其是必需氨基酸的摄入和科学的抗阻训练,是应激状态下恢复合成代谢反应不可或缺的。改善肌肉网蛋白质平衡对军事作业致肌肉损伤防护,提高军事作业效能具有重要积极影响。Military personnel may be exposed to external stressors,such as large energy deficits,sleep deprivation,cognitive demands,and environmental extremes during training and military operations that combine to degrade muscle protein.Exposure to these factors results in a hypogonadal state that may contribute to observed decrements in muscle mass.In this review,lessons learned from studying severe clinical stressed states and the interventions designed to mitigate the loss of muscle protein are discussed in the context of training and military operational stress.Restoration of the anabolic hormonal status in stressed states may be necessary to restore the anabolic influence derived from dietary protein on muscle.Based on clinical experience,restoration of the normal testosterone status during sustained periods of operational stress may be advantageous.Furthermore,an optimal protein intake,essential amino acid delivery in particular,and resistance training may be essential to the restoration of anabolic response during the stress state.Interventions that are intended to improve the protein balance of muscle networks may have a positive impact on the effectiveness of military personnel under difficult combat conditions.

关 键 词：军事医学 军事作业应激 肌肉功能 防护策略 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]