燃料电池用特殊形貌Pt催化剂的研究进展  

Research progress of Pt catalysts with special morphology for fuel cells

作　　者：张立波 计文希[1] 张龙贵[1] ZHANG Libo;JI Wenxi;ZHANG Longgui(Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化北京化工研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《石油化工》2023年第2期245-252,共8页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：燃料电池主要受限于阴极氧还原反应缓慢动力学过程的阻碍,需要大量使用Pt作为催化剂,提高Pt催化剂的催化性能和减少Pt的用量是当前燃料电池的研究热点。特殊形貌Pt催化剂具有选择性显示晶面、控制表面应变、几何受控的特点,大大提高了Pt催化剂的氧还原催化性能。从纳米维度的角度综述了目前研究的一维纳米结构、二维纳米结构和三维纳米结构特殊形貌Pt催化剂,总结了特殊形貌Pt催化剂在燃料电池中的实际应用,同时对特殊形貌Pt催化剂的研究方向和应用领域进行了展望。Fuel cells are hampered mainly by the slow kinetics of cathodic oxygen reduction reaction,which requires extensive use of Pt as catalyst.Improving the catalytic performance of Pt catalysts and reducing the usage of Pt are hot topics in current research of fuel cell.Pt catalyst with special morphology has the characteristics of selective display of crystal plane,control of surface strain and control of geometry,which greatly improves the oxygen reduction catalytic performance of Pt catalyst.In this paper,the research progress of catalysts with special morphology and their practical applications in fuel cells are reviewed from the perspective of dimensionality,including one-dimensional nanostructure,two-dimensional nanostructure and three-dimensional nanostructure.At the same time,the future research and application fields of Pt catalysts with special morphology are prospected.

关 键 词：燃料电池 特殊形貌 铂催化剂 催化性能 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程]