Gn1a基因靶向敲除对粳稻产量构成因素的影响  

Effects of Targeted Gn1a Gene Knockout on Yield Components of Japonica Rice

作　　者：苌兴超 黄永兰 唐秀英 王会民 芦明 王燕宁 朱雪晶 龙起樟 万建林 CHANG Xingchao;HUANG Yonglan;TANG Xiuying;WANG Huimin;LU Ming;WANG Yanning;ZHU Xuejing;LONG Qizhang;WAN Jianlin(Jiangxi Super-rice Research and Development Center National Rice Engineering Research Center(Nanchang)Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Green Rice Germplasm,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省超级水稻研究发展中心/水稻国家工程实验室(南昌)/江西省绿色水稻种质重点实验室,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2023年第1期10-16,共7页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省重大科技研发专项(20203ABC28W013)。

摘　　要：【目的】我国多数人口以稻米为主食,稻米产量关系国家粮食安全,提高单产仍然是目前水稻育种最重要的目标。水稻中OsGn1a/OsCKX2基因失活被报道可提高穗粒数从而提高产量。拟通过CRISPR/Cas9技术在粳稻品种“晚粳34”中对该基因进行靶向敲除,从而快速提高其产量。【方法】通过基因编辑技术对OsGn1a基因进行定点突变,在成功获得OsGn1a基因功能缺失突变体后,利用获得的同时包含野生型和突变型的3个独立突变株系衍生的不含转基因成分的纯合突变株(突变组)和非突变株(野生型对照组)姊妹系(T3代)进行试验,同株系突变组和对照组不同重复(3个重复)田间排布采用完全随机设计,不同株系独立排布,通过比较3个株系各自突变组和对照组间产量构成因素之间的差异,探究Gn1a基因功能缺失对“晚粳34”产量构成因素的影响。【结果】3个株系(编号分别为#01、#06和#16)突变组与对照组相比,每穗粒数均显著增加,增幅分别为26.2%、19.8%和19.0%,均值21.67%;对于千粒质量,其中两个株系(#06和#16)突变组也显著增加,增幅分别为8.0%和8.8%,而另一个株系则无显著差异;而对于有效分蘖数,从均值上看3个株系均不同程度降低,不过只有#06和#16两个株系差异显著,降幅分别为9.8%和15.7%,另外一个株系降幅虽然高达13.4%,但统计上差异并不显著;对于结实率,3个株系均无显著差异。依据产量构成因素数据计算单株理论产量,突变组与对照组相比,3个株系的单株理论产量变化并不一致,从均值上看,2个突变体株系(编号分别为#01和#06)增产(增幅35.1%和18.5%),但统计上差异并不显著,另外1个突变体株系(编号为#16)减产(减幅27.3%),统计上差异显著。【结论】在粳稻中敲除OsGn1a基因可有效提高穗粒数,但可能伴随千粒质量和有效分蘖数的变化,在某些环境下可使千粒质量增加同时导致分蘖数减少,最终单株产[Objective]Rice is the staple food of most Chinese people,so that its yield is critical for national food security.Hence,improving per unit yield is still the most important goal of rice breeding at present.The inactivation of the OsGn1a/OsCKX2 in rice has been reported to enhance rice yield by increasing grain numbers.In this study,the CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to generate targeted knockout of this gene in the japonica rice variety“Wanjing 34”to rapidly increase its yield.[Method]In the present study,loss-of-function mutations of the OsGn1a gene were generated by gene editing technology,and three independent T0such lines harboring both wild type and mutant alleles were chosen for experiment.The homozygous mutant(mutant group)and non-mutant(wild-type control)sister lines(T3 generation)derived from a common T0 ancestorwereused for yield trait compare to study the effect of Gn1a disruption on yield components.In the field experiment,the mutant and the wild type control replicates derived from a common ancestor were randomly arranged.[Result]The data showed that,as compared with that in the control groups,the grainnumber per panicle in the mutant groups of all the three lines(designated as#01,#06 and#16)significantly increased(by 26.2%,19.8%and 19.0%,respectively;21.67%on average).Meanwhile,the mutants of two lines(#06 and#16)out of the three ones showed significantly increased 1000-grain weight(increased by 8.0%and 8.8%,respectively),relative to that of the controls.Conversely,the mutants of the same two lines(#06 and#16)showed significantly decreased tillernumbers(decreased by 9.8%and 15.7%,respectively).It is worth noting that the mutants of Line#01 also showed a 13.4%decrease of tillernumber but the change was not statistically significant.There was no significant change in seed setting rate between the mutants and the wild types of all the three lines.The changes of theoretical yield per plant were not consistent among the three lines.According to the mean value,two mutant lines(#01 and#06)showed incr

关 键 词：Gn1a 基因编辑 产量 分蘖数 穗粒数 结实率 千粒质量 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学] S503.53