基于语篇结构功能理论视角的引文特征与功能分析  

Analysis of Citation Characteristics and Functions from Perspective of Discourse Structure-Function Theory

作　　者：索传军[1] 张博 贾冰怡 吴东旭 王春明 郑雨霏 廖婧佩 Suo Chuanjun

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学信息资源管理学院,北京100872

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2023年第3期189-199,共11页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“数据驱动的学术评价范式研究”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:21BTQ008。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]基于引文的学术评价是主要的学术评价范式之一。但学界对引文的本质(或引证关系)与功能尚未形成统一的科学认识,基于引文的学术评价结果一直受到学界的质疑。[方法/过程]首先,对工学、管理学、药学、理学、文学和哲学6种代表性学科的6种期刊2010—2021年的720篇论文的引文进行人工标注,共获得16133条引文样本数据;再利用语篇结构功能理论判断和统计不同学科在不同年代的引文特征(位置、类型与形式等)与引文功能的关系。[结果/结论]一是引文位置、类型、形式与功能之间存在一定的关系,引文特征在一定程度上反映了作者的引用动机,影响或决定了引文功能;二是近2/3的引文在学术论文中发挥了说服功能,仅有近1/3的引文发挥了认同或知识传承功能,所以基于引文的学术评价结果受到学界质疑是正确的;三是不同学科的引文特征与功能之间的关系存在一定差异。[Purpose/significance]Based on citation,academic evaluation is one of the main academic evaluation paradigms at present,but the academic circle has not formed a unified scientific understanding of the essence(or citation relationship)and function of citation,so the result of academic evaluation based on citation has been questioned by the academic circle.[Method/process]To this end,720 papers from the representative journals of engineering,management,pharmacy,science,literature and philosophy from 2010 to 2021 were selected to manually identify and label the positions,forms,types and functions of cited references(citations)in the papers(cited references),then a total of 16133 citation data were obtained.Secondly,based on the theory of discourse structure and function,the distribution of citation features and citation functions in different disciplines and years is judged and counted.Finally,the correlation between citation features and citation functions is analyzed,as well as the evolution trend of them during the period of time.[Result/conclusion]As a result,the following conclusions are found:first,there is a certain relationship between the location,type,form and function of a citation.To some extent,citation characteristics don’t only reflect the author’s citation motivation,but also influence or determine the citation function.Second,nearly 2/3 of the citations played the role of persuasion in academic papers,and only about 1/3 of the citations played the role of identification or knowledge transmission.Third,there are some differences in the relationship between citation characteristics and functions of different disciplines.Generally,from the perspective of discourse structure and function theory,although citation is not a necessary component of discourse,in fact,no matter what role and function citation plays in academic papers,it has become an organic part of the discourse structure of academic papers.And the phenomenon that the academic evaluation result based on citation is questioned by the acade

关 键 词：引文位置 引文类型 引文形式 引文功能 学术评价 语篇结构功能理论 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学]