2013—2021年河北省审冬小麦品种抗病性分析  

Disease Resistance Analysis of the Registered Wheat Varieties in Hebei Province from 2013 to 2021

作　　者：董策[1] 张希太 蔺桂芬 肖磊[1] 李炎艳 谢淑芹[1] 裴艳婷 路其祥 DONG Ce;ZHANG Xitai;LIN Guifen;XIAO Lei;LI Yanyan;XIE Shuqin;PEI Yanting;LU Qixiang(Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Handan 056001,China;Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dezhou 253000,China)

机构地区：[1]邯郸市农业科学院,河北邯郸056001 [2]德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州253000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第3期306-312,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(21326324D)。

摘　　要：为了解河北省小麦品种抗病性水平,对2013—2021年河北省审定的212个冬小麦品种白粉病、条锈病和叶锈病3种病害的抗性进行了分析。结果表明,审定品种对条锈病整体抗性水平较好,抗性品种占审定品种的53.78%;审定品种对叶锈病和白粉病抗性水平较差,但年际间波动较大,其中2014年审定小麦品种抗叶锈病最好,抗病品种占比100%,2016、2018、2021年抗病品种占比分别为3.44%、6.67%和11.11%,其余年份表现抗病的品种占当年审定品种的比例变幅为22.23%~36.36%;2014、2016、2020年审定小麦品种抗白粉病相对较好,抗性品种占比分别为33.33%、24.14%和29.72%,其余年份审定品种的抗病性占比均小于20%,对叶锈病和白粉病表现抗病的品种分别有37、35个,抗性品种占审定品种的17.45%和16.50%;兼抗2种以上病害的品种偏少,其中兼抗条锈病和叶锈病的品种占比为7.08%,无兼抗叶锈病和白粉病的品种,兼抗条锈病和白粉病的品种占比为4.72%,兼抗3种病害的品种占比为4.72%。对叶锈病和白粉病表现高抗以上品种的亲本来源进行系谱分析发现,河北省小麦抗病育种的抗源主要来自山东省,河北当地抗病种质资源相对匮乏。该研究结果进一步说明,对河北省引进和创制小麦抗病种质资源十分紧迫,同时小麦生产应做好主要病害的监测和防控工作,确保河北小麦稳产高产。In order to understand the disease resistance level of wheat varieties in Hebei province, the resistance to powdery mildew, stripe rust, and leaf rust of 212 winter wheat varieties registered in Hebei province from 2013 to 2021 were analyzed.The results showed that the overall level of resistance to stripe rust was good, and the proportion of resistant varieties was 53.78%, while the level of resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew was poor, but fluctuated greatly between years, in 2014,100% of wheat varieties were resistant to leaf rust, while in 2016, 2018 and 2011, 3.44%, 6.67%, and 11.11% of wheat varieties were of resistance, respectively, the changing range of the percentage of wheat varieties with resistance to powdery mildew accounting for the registered varieties was from 22.23% to 36.36% in other years, and the percentage of wheat varieties with resistance to powdery mildew in 2014, 2016, and 2020 was relatively good, the percentage of resistant varieties was 33.33%, 24.14%, and 29.72%, respectively. The percentage of resistant varieties was less than 20% in other years. There were 37 varieties resistant to leaf rust and 35 varieties resistant to powdery mildew, the resistant varieties accounted for 17.45%and 16.50% of the registered varieties, but there were few varieties with resistance to two or more diseases, and the varieties with resistance to both stripe rust and leaf rust accounted for 7.08%, and no varieties with resistance to both leaf rust and powdery mildew, the cultivars with resistance to both stripe rust and powdery mildew accounted for 4.72%, and the cultivars(4.72%) with resistance to all of the three diseases accounted for 4.72%. The pedigree analysis of the parents of the varieties with high resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew showed that the resistant sources of wheat breeding for disease resistance in Hebei province mainly came from Shandong province, while the local resistant germplasm resources in Hebei province were relatively scarce. The results further indicated that

关 键 词：冬小麦 抗病性 系谱分析 河北省 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]