祁连山中段高寒草甸土壤水热特征及其对气象要素的响应  

Soil hydrothermal characteristics of Alpine meadow in the middle Qilian Mountains and their responses to meteorological factors

作　　者：刘倩 刘贤德[1,2,3] 王立 赵维俊[2,3] 马剑 LIU Qian;LIU Xiande;WANG Li;ZHAO Weijun;MA Jian(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China;Qilian Mountains Eco-environment Research Center in Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院,甘肃张掖734000 [3]甘肃省祁连山生态环境研究中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第1期156-163,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2019YFC0507404);国家社科基金项目(19BGL193)。

摘　　要：【目的】对祁连山中段高寒草甸土壤水热进行研究,深入探讨该区域内气象要素对土壤水热的影响过程,进而为植被保护和恢复提供理论依据。【方法】以分布在祁连山中段的高寒草甸为研究对象,利用土壤温湿度自动监测系统,结合降水量、气温、风速、空气湿度等气候因素,采用回归分析法探究土壤水热特征与气象要素的耦合关系。【结果】1)降水量与气温具有明显的季节变化,夏、秋季波动明显,空气湿度与风速无明显季节变化;2)各层土壤的温湿度变化在观测时间段内趋势较为一致,浅层土壤温度随季节变化波动明显,浅层土壤变化幅度大于深层土壤;3)各层土壤温湿度耦合关系良好,深层土壤温湿度耦合关系优于浅层土壤;4)土壤温度与气温和降水量的相关性显著,与空气湿度的相关性不显著,与风速不存在显著相关关系;土壤湿度与气象要素的相关性与土壤温度类似;5)10~30 cm土层土壤温度与气温均显著相关,相关系数分别为0.824、0.789、0.744;10~30 cm土层土壤湿度与降水量显著相关,相关系数分别为0.296、0.325、0.329,土壤温度与气温的相关性优于土壤湿度与降水的相关性。【结论】1)研究区域内土壤温度、湿度的年内变化均存在明显的季节特征,两者的耦合关系良好;2)土壤温湿度均与气温及降水量有显著的相关性,与其他气象要素相关性不大;3)研究区内浅层土壤对气温的响应优于深层土壤,而深层土壤对降水量的响应优于浅层土壤。【Objective】The study of soil hydrothermal conditions in the alpine meadows in the middle of the Qilian Mountains can deeply explore the influence of meteorological elements on soil hydrothermal conditions in this area,and provide a theoretical basis for vegetation protection and restoration.【Method】Taking the alpine meadow area in the middle part of the Qilian Mountains as the main research object,by using an automatic monitoring system of soil temperature and humidity,combined with climatic factors such as precipitation,air temperature,wind speed and air humidity,the coupling relationship between soil temperature,soil humidity and meteorological elements was studied by using the regression analysis method.【Result】1)There were obvious seasonal changes in the precipitation and temperature,with significant fluctuations in summer and autumn,while air humidity and wind speed had no obvious seasonal variations.2)The variation trend of temperature and humidity of each soil layer was relatively consistent in the observation period.The temperature of shallow soil fluctuated significantly with seasons,and the variation range of shallow soil was greater than that of deep soil.3)The coupling relationship between the temperature and humidity of each soil layer was good,and the coupling relationship between the temperature and humidity of deep soil was better than that of shallow soil.4)Soil temperature was significantly correlated with air temperature and precipitation,but not with air humidity,and it had no significant correlation with wind speed.The correlation between soil moisture and meteorological elements was similar to that of soil temperature.5)The soil temperature in the 10-30 cm soil layer was significantly correlated with air temperature,and the correlation coefficients were 0.824,0.789 and 0.744,respectively.The soil moisture in the 10-30 cm soil layer was significantly correlated with precipitation,and the correlation coefficients were 0.296,0.325 and 0.329,respectively.The correlation between soil

关 键 词：高寒草甸 土壤水热特征 气象要素 祁连山 

分 类 号：S718.51[农业科学—林学]