预沉积生物炭强化重力驱动超滤膜处理受污染地表水的效能研究  

Pre-deposition of biochar layer improves the performance of gravity-driven membrane(GDM) filtration system for polluted surface water treatment

作　　者：何强[1] 左庆扬 陈子惟 刘彩虹 张唐龙 智悦[1] HE Qiang;ZUO Qing-yang;CHEN Zi-wei;LIU Cai-hong;ZHANG Tang-long;ZHI Yue(Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education,College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境与生态学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第3期1122-1130,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1903203);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(52100024)。

摘　　要：采用预沉积生物炭(BC)强化重力驱动超滤膜(GDM)处理受污染地表水,考察预沉积生物炭对GDM膜通量及除污效能的影响.实验所用的生物炭是以玉米秸秆粉末为原料,在600℃高温热解制备的一种具有丰富的孔隙结构和含氧官能团的介孔材料,其比表面积为181.09m^(2)/g,总孔体积为0.12cm^(3)/g.实验原水为受生活污水污染的嘉陵江地表水,运行周期50d,以原膜GDM为对照组,系统考察了对照组和预沉积生物炭组(BC-GDM)的通量稳定性,监测两组装置对浊度、溶解性有机碳(DOC)、UV254、荧光性有机物和氨氮的去除.结果表明,长期运行下预沉积组BC-GDM的稳定通量(4.82L/(m^(2)·h))略高于对照组GDM(4.72L/(m^(2)·h)).对污染物的去除结果表明,BC-GDM体系对浊度和氨氮的去除有些许提高,且加快了氨氮去除的启动过程,同时显著提高了对DOC、UV254和荧光性物质等有机污染物的去除,其中DOC和UV254的平均去除率分别从16.7%和10.0%提高到34.1%和39.9%.实验结果表明,在GDM中预沉积生物炭可以在不影响膜通量的情况下有效改善净水效能.In this study, pre-deposition of biochar(BC) was conducted to strengthen gravity-driven membrane(GDM) performance for treating contaminated surface water, and the effect of pre-deposited biochar on water flux and decontamination efficiency was investigated.The applied BC was a mesoporous material prepared by pyrolysis of corn stalk powder at a high temperature of 600℃.The obtained BC possessed rich pore structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, with specific surface area and total pore volume of 181.09m^(2)/g and 0.12cm^(3)/g, respectively.The feed water was realistic Jialing River water polluted by domestic sewage, and the filtration operation period was 50d.The pristine membrane in the absence of BC deposition served as a control group(i.e., GDM).During membrane filtration process, we systematically investigated the flux stability, removal efficiency on main water quality parameters including turbidity, dissolved organic carbon(DOC), UV254, fluorescent organics and ammonia of both control GDM and BC-GDM systems.The results show that the stable flux(4.82L/(m^(2)·h)) of BC-GDM was slightly higher than that of control GDM(4.72L/(m^(2)·h)) under long-term operation.The pollutants removal performance indicate that the BC-GDM system slightly improved the removal of turbidity and ammonia, accelerated the start-up process of ammonia removal, and significantly improved the organic removal such as DOC, UV254and fluorescent organics.Specifically, after BC pre-deposition, the average removal efficiency of DOC and UV254increased from 16.7% and 10% to 34.1% and 39.9%, respectively.Our results reveal that pre-deposition of BC in GDM could effectively improve the water purification efficiency without compromising membrane water flux.

关 键 词：重力驱动膜 预沉积 生物炭 稳定通量 去污效能 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]