川中丘陵区农村生活污水资源化利用后的土壤养分特征  

Soil Nutrient Characteristics After Rural Domestic Sewage Resource Utilization in Hilly Areas of Central Sichuan Province

作　　者：李杉 马鑫文 吴勇[1] 高东东 肖杰 Li Shan;Ma Xinwen;Wu Yong;Gao Dongdong;Xiao Jie(College of Environment and Civil Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;Sichuan Academy of Ecological Environmental Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院,四川成都610059 [2]四川省生态环境科学研究院,四川成都610000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第6期114-120,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目“典型地区农村生活污水污染物低排放处理技术集成应用示范”(2021JDZH0030)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究川中丘陵地区施用经无害化处理的生活污水后,不同类型土壤在不同深度土层中各养分指标的变化特征,为农村生活污水的无害化处理和资源化利用提供科学支撑。[方法]对三格化粪池处理后的农村生活污水进行资源化利用。在耕地中设置G_(0)(37.5 L/m^(2)),G_(2)(75 L/m^(2)),G_(0)(空白)3种施用处理;在林地中设置L_(1)(37.5 L/m^(2)),L_(2)(75 L/m^(2)),L_(3)(112.5 L/m^(2)),L_(0)(空白)4种施用处理。结合层次分析法(AHP)与主成分分析法(PCA)对各养分指标权重进行计算,对各处理在不同深度土层中的施用效果进行综合评分。[结果]在生活污水不同的资源化利用处理除L_(3)土壤养分评价等级为“良”外,其余处理皆为“优”。各处理下,耕地中各深度土层养分评价得分排序一致表现为:G_(1)>G_(0)>G_(2);林地中0—20 cm土层表现为:L_(0)>L_(2)>L_(1)>L_(3);20—40 cm土层表现为:L_(1)>L_(0)>L_(2)>L_(3)。耕地施用对提升土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾有明显的效果;林地少量施用对提升20—40 cm除速效钾外其余土壤养分的效果较好。[结论]短期来看,在农村生活污水资源化利用时,适量的施用可改善耕地土壤的养分,对于林地无需施用土壤养分就可较好保持。[Objective]The variation characteristics of various nutrient indexes in different types of soil in different soil layer after the application of harmless domestic sewage in the hilly area of central Sichuan Province were determined in order to provide scientific support for the harmless treatment and resource utilization of rural domestic sewage.[Methods]Rural domestic sewage treated by a three-grid septic tank was used for resource utilization.Three application treatments〔G_(1)(37.5 L/m^(2)),G_(2)(75 L/m^(2)),and G 3(blank)〕were applied to farmland;four application treatments〔L_(1)(37.5 L/m^(2)),L_(2)(75 L/m^(2)),L_(3)(112.5 L/m^(2)),and L_(0)(blank)〕were applied to the forest land.The weight of each nutrient index was calculated by combining analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and principal component analysis(PCA),and the application effect of each scheme in different soil layers was comprehensively evaluated.[Results]①Under the different resource utilization treatments of domestic sewage,except for L_(3),the soil nutrient evaluation grade was“good”,and the domestic sewage utilization scheme was“excellent”.②Under each treatment,soil nutrient evaluation scores at different depths of farmland followed the order of G_(1)>G_(0)>G_(2).The scores for the 0—20 cm soil layer at forest land followed the order of L_(0)>L_(2)>L_(1)>L_(3).The scores for the 20—40 cm soil layer in forest land followed the order of L_(1)>L_(0)>L_(2)>L_(3).③Farmland has obvious effects on improving soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,and available potassium.Under small application amounts,forest land had a better effect on increasing soil nutrients(other than available potassium)in the 20—40 cm layer.[Conclusion]In the short term,under the resource utilization of rural domestic sewage,an appropriate application amount could improve the nutrient status of farmland soil,and it could be better maintained for forest land without applying soil nutrients.

关 键 词：生活污水 资源化利用 土壤养分 川中地区 

分 类 号：S157.9[农业科学—土壤学]