基于遥感生态指数的元谋干热河谷生态环境动态监测及其驱动力分析  

Ecological Environmental Dynamic Monitoring and Driving Force Analysis of Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index

作　　者：梁巧玲 史正涛[1] 陈越豪 何光熊 史亮涛[2,3] 李婕[1] Liang Qiaoling;Shi Zhengtao;Chen Yuehao;He Guangxiong;Shi Liangtao;Li Jie(Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China;Institute of Thermal Eco-agriculture,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuanmou,Yunnan 651300,China;Yuanmou Dry Hot Valley Botanical Garden,Yuanmou,Yunnan 651300,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651300 [3]元谋干热河谷植物园,云南元谋651300

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第6期146-154,181,共10页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：云南省科技基础研究计划项目“基于核素比率的金沙江云南段干热河谷区土壤侵蚀与谷底生态建设研究”(202001AS070070);云南省自然生态监测网络监测项目(2022-YN-18);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0126)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究元谋干热河谷2000—2020年生态环境变化现状,对该区域生态进行动态监测及其驱动力分析,为干热河谷的生态环境保护和可持续发展提供理论依据。[方法]选取3期Landsat TM/OIL影像数据计算绿度(NDVI)、湿度(WET)、干度(NDBSI)、热度(LST)4个指标来构建遥感生态指数(RSEI)评价体系,并通过地理探测器对影响区域的生态环境因素进行量化分析。[结果]①2000,2010和2020年元谋干热河谷的RSEI均值分别为0.628,0.609和0.684,呈先降后升的变化趋势。②在2000—2020年这20 a间,区域内生态环境改善面积占29.58%,主要分布河谷两侧;生态恶化面积占21.45%,主要散布在农耕区和居民区周围。③对影响元谋干热河谷RSEI的10个因子进行驱动力分析发现,绿度指标和土地利用对RSEI的空间分异特征解释力最强。[结论]多因子交互结果显示,元谋干热河谷的生态环境现状是多重因素共同作用的结果,所有因子在交互作用下均有协同增强的作用;绿度指标和土地利用是研究区生态环境质量的主要驱动因子。因此,在探究元谋干热河谷生态环境恢复与保护,应合理规划利用土地资源,落实植被保护及修复政策及措施。[Objective]The current level of ecological environmental change in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley from 2000 to 2020 was determined,and the dynamic monitoring and driving force of the regional ecology were analyzed in order to provide a theoretical basis for ecological environmental protection and sustainable development of the dry-hot valley.[Methods]Three Landsat TM/OIL image datasets were selected to calculate the greenness(NDVI),humidity(WET),dryness(NDBSI),and heat(LST)indexes to construct the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)evaluation system.The ecological environmental factors affecting the region were quantified and analyzed by geographic detector.[Results]①The mean values of RSEI in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley in 2000,2010 and 2020 were 0.628,0.609,and 0.684,respectively,showing a trend of initially decreasing and then increasing.②During the 20-year study period,the area of ecological environmental improvement accounted for 29.58%of the total area,mainly located on both sides of the river valley.The area of ecological deterioration accounted for 21.45%of the total area,and was mainly scattered around agricultural areas and residential areas.③The driving force analysis of 10 factors affecting RSEI in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley showed that NDVI and land use had the strongest explanatory power for the spatial differentiation characteristics of RSEI.[Conclusion]The interaction results of multiple factors showed that the ecological environment of the Yuanmou dry-hot valley was the result of multiple factors,and all factors produced synergistic enhancement effects under the interaction.NDVI and land use were the main driving factors of eco-environmental quality in the study area.Therefore,in the exploration of Yuanmou ecological environmental restoration and protection,we should rationally plan and use land resources,and implement vegetation protection and restoration policies and measures.

关 键 词：遥感生态指数 生态环境质量 元谋干热河谷 主成分分析 地理探测器 

分 类 号：P964[天文地球—自然地理学] X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]