黄河源区2005-2020年生态用地格局变化与分异趋势  

Changes in Ecological Land Patterns and Divergence Trends in Yellow River Source Area from 2005 to 2020

作　　者：陆智博 宋芊[1,2] 赵健赟 丁圆圆[1,2] Lu Zhibo;Song Qian;Zhao Jianyun;Ding Yuanyuan(Department of Geological Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;Provincial Priority Laboratory of Cenozoic Resources and Environment on the Northern Rim of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学地质工程系,青海西宁810016 [2]青藏高原北缘新生代资源环境省级重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第6期277-284,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(地区基金)“多维立体观测下黄河源鼠兔干扰与高寒草甸退化的耦合关系研究”(42161068)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨黄河源区2005—2020年生态用地格局变化与分异趋势,为识别黄河源区的生态保护关键区域,促进源区的生态环境可持续发展,优化源区生态安全格局,实现国家生态保护战略目标提供理论依据。[方法]基于黄河源区2005,2010,2015和2020年4期土地利用数据,运用空间动态度模型、转移矩阵模型、生态状况指数模型等方法,分析近16 a黄河源区不同生态用地数量、结构在时间和空间上的分布特征及生态状况的变化。[结果]①黄河源区不同生态用地类型数量及空间分布差异明显。基础性生态用地(89.06%)比例最大,辅助性生态用地(1.00%)比例最少,基础性生态用地分布广泛,敏感性生态用地主要分布在东、西部,辅助性生态用地主要集中在北部地区。②生态用地之间的转化呈明显的分异趋势。东、西部地区以生态用地的内部转化为主,北部生态用地与非生态用地的相互转化较多,源区整体生态用地功能向提高的趋势发展。③黄河源区生态状况指数从时间角度来看,在2005—2015年趋于平稳,在2015—2020年呈断崖式上升;从空间角度来看,源区西部、北部呈现逐年上升,东部呈现逐年下降,但全域依旧为逐年上升趋势。[结论]总的来说,黄河源区生态用地空间分散,非生态用地空间集中,16 a来源区生态质量向好的趋势发展。[Objective]The changes and divergence trends of ecological land use patterns in the Yellow River source area from 2005 to 2020 were explored in order to provide a theoretical basis for identifying key ecological protection areas in the Yellow River source area,for promoting the sustainable development of the ecological environment in the source area,for optimizing the ecological security pattern in the source area,and for achieving the national ecological protection strategic goals.[Methods]Based on four periods of land use data in the Yellow River source area in 2005,2010,2015,and 2020,a spatial dynamic attitude model,a transfer matrix model,and an ecological status index model were used to analyze the distribution characteristics of different ecological land quantities and structures in time and space.Additionally,changes in the ecological status in the Yellow River source area over the past 16 years were analyzed.[Results]①The quantity and spatial distribution of different ecological land types in the Yellow River source area varied significantly.The proportion of basic ecological land(89.06%)was the largest,and the proportion of auxiliary ecological land(1.00%)was the smallest.Basic ecological land was widely distributed,sensitive ecological land was mainly located in the east and west,and auxiliary ecological land was mainly located in the northern area.②There was a clear trend of divergence in the transformation between ecological lands.In the eastern and western regions,the internal transformation of ecological land was the main focus,while in the northern region there was a more mutual transformation of ecological land and non-ecological land,and the overall ecological land function in the source area was developing towards an increasing trend.From a temporal perspective,the ecological status index of the Yellow River source area tended to be stable from 2005 to 2015,and increased precipitously from 2015 to 2020.From a spatial perspective,the western and northern parts of the source area showed a year

关 键 词：生态用地 格局 空间分异 生态环境质量 黄河源区 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]