基于时空演变的渭河流域陕西段生态服务价值及区间补偿关系研究  

Relationship Between Ecological Service Value and Interval Compensation in Shaanxi Section of Weihe River Basin Based on Temporal and Spatial Evolution

作　　者：王浩东 汪妮[1,2] 汪泉熹 Wang Haodong;Wang Ni;Wang Quanxi(Institute of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710048,China;State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrologic Engineering in Northwest Arid Region,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi an,Shaanxi 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048 [2]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第6期304-311,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于新规制经济学理论的沙地治理利用生态补偿及其动态适应性机制研究”(51979221);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目“引汉济渭工程运行中的利益冲突与补偿应对机制研究”(2021JLM-45)。

摘　　要：[目的]对渭河流域陕西段生态服务价值及区间补偿关系进行研究,为促进区域生态经济协同发展及生态环境建设提供理论指导。[方法]基于渭河流域陕西段土地利用数据,通过土地利用动态度、当量因子法和重心模型法对生态系统服务价值(ESV)及其空间分布和时空演变情况进行研究,并结合优先级进行补偿关系分析。[结果]①在退耕还林工程和城市化快速推进的影响下,空间数量上耕地的减少与建设用地的增加比较明显,其中建设用地单一动态度达到了5.94%,表现最为活跃;演变程度上草地、水体和其他用地更加剧烈。②渭河流域陕西段ESV从562.07亿元减少为516.21亿元,下降幅度超过8%,其中水资源供给和水文调节等功能服务价值降低,林地的增加使气候调节和土壤保持等功能服务价值上升;空间分布上ESV呈现“中间低四周高”的格局;建设用地重心迁移和标准差椭圆体现出其具有东北方向移动趋势且区域范围持续扩大。[结论]周至县和太白县为优先受偿区,蓝田县、陇县和凤县为次级受偿区,应及时获得补偿来保证生态质量;雁塔区等11个地区为补偿区,应提供补偿资金来以维持整体生态建设。[Objective]The ecological service value and interval compensation relationship of Shaanxi section of Weihe River basin were studied in order to provide theoretical guidance for promoting the coordinated development of regional ecological economy and ecological environment construction.[Methods]Based on the land use data of Shaanxi section of Weihe River basin,the ecosystem service value(ESV)and its spatial distribution and spatio-temporal evolution were studied by using land use dynamics,equivalent factor method and barycenter model method,and the compensation relationship was analyzed with priority.[Results]①Under the influence of the project of returning farmland to forest and the rapid progress of urbanization,the reduction of cultivated land and the increase of construction land in spatial quantity were obvious,among which the single dynamic degree of construction land reached 5.94%,which was most active;The grassland,water body and other land use were more intense in the degree of evolution.②The ESV in Shaanxi section of the Weihe River basin decreased from 56.207 billion yuan to 51.621 billion yuan,a decrease of more than 8%.Among them,the value of functional services such as water supply and hydrological regulation decreased,and the increase of forest land increased the value of functional services such as climate regulation and soil conservation;The spatial distribution of ESV showed a pattern of“low in the middle and high around”;The shift of the center of gravity and the standard deviation ellipse of the construction land reflect that it has the trend of moving in the northeast direction and the regional scope continues to expand.[Conclusion]Zhouzhi County and Taibai County were the priority compensation areas.Lantian County,Long County and Feng County were the secondary compensation areas,and compensation should be obtained in time to ensure ecological quality.Yanta District and 11 other regions were compensation areas,and compensation funds should be provided to maintain the overall ecological

关 键 词：生态服务价值 土地利用变化 生态补偿优先级 补偿关系 渭河流域 陕西段 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]