Experimental demonstration of separating the wave-particle duality of a single photon with the quantum Cheshire cat  

作　　者：Jia-Kun Li Kai Sun Yan Wang Ze-Yan Hao Zheng-Hao Liu Jie Zhou Xing-Yan Fan Jing-Ling Chen Jin-Shi Xu Chuan-Feng Li Guang-Can Guo 

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information,University of Science and Technology of China,230026 Hefei,China [2]CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics,University of Science and Technology of China,230026 Hefei,China [3]Hefei National Laboratory,University of Science and Technology of China,230088 Hefei,China [4]Theoretical Physics Division,Chern Institute of Mathematics,Nankai University,300071 Tianjin,China

出　　处：《Light(Science & Applications)》2023年第1期128-135,共8页光（科学与应用)（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Nos.2021ZD0301200 and 2021ZD0301400);National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11821404,61725504,U19A2075,61975195,11875167,12275136,and 12075001);Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies(Grant No.AHY060300);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.WK2030380017).

摘　　要：As a fundamental characteristic of physical entities,wave-particle duality describes whether a microscopic entity exhibits wave or particle attributes depending on the specific experimental setup.This assumption is premised on the notion that physical properties are inseparable from the objective carrier.However,after the concept of the quantum Cheshire cats was proposed,which makes the separation of physical attributes from the entity possible,the premise no longer holds.Furthermore,an experimental demonstration of the separation of the wave and particle attributes inspired by this scenario remains scarce.In this work,we experimentally separated the wave and particle attributes of a single photon by exploiting the quantum Cheshire cat concept for the first time.By applying a weak disturbance to the evolution of the system,we achieve an effect similar to the quantum Cheshire cat and demonstrated the separation of the wave and particle attributes via the extraction of weak values.Our work provides a new perspective for the in-depth understanding of wave-particle duality and promotes the application of weak measurements in fundamentals of quantum mechanics.

关 键 词：QUANTUM DUALITY PARTICLE 

分 类 号：O41[理学—理论物理]