尿素包合法分离费托轻质油中的正构烃  

Separation of normal hydrocarbons from Fischer-Tropsch synthetic light oil by urea inclusion method

作　　者：王哲 余颖 石永杰 杨顺 陈久洲 崔希利 邢华斌[1] WANG Zhe;YU Ying;SHI Yongjie;YANG Shun;CHEN Jiuzhou;CUI Xili;XING Huabin(College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,Zhejiang,China;Institute of Coal Chemical Industry Technology,Ningxia Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,China Energy Investment Group,Yinchuan 750411,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,浙江杭州310027 [2]国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司煤炭化学工业技术研究院,宁夏银川750411

出　　处：《化工进展》2023年第2期677-683,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21938011,21725603);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2018BDE02057)。

摘　　要：研究了尿素包合方法分离费托轻质油中正构烃和异构烃的工艺条件。本文采用气相色谱-质谱联用的方法分析了原料油组成,考察了活化剂种类、油品/尿素/活化剂质量比、包合温度和时间对分离结果的影响,探索得到了合适的解包合条件。实验所得费托轻质油尿素包合反应的最佳工艺条件为:尿素/甲醇/原料油的质量比为5∶6∶1,反应终温为10℃,反应时间为120min,在此条件下,费托轻质油包合产品中正构烃的质量分数为99.43%,收率为38.11%。实验表明,中低碳数(C_(4)~C_(13))段内,尿素更倾向于包合碳链较长的正构烃,C_(8)及以上正构烃的收率均高于60%,而C6以下的正构烃难以被尿素包合。在同时含有烯烃和烷烃的原料油中,正构烷烃的包合效果优于正构烯烃,二者收率相差约5.5%。该油品体系中,以直链醇为主的含氧化合物被尿素包合少,95%以上的含氧有机物杂质可通过尿素包合方法除去。The process conditions of urea inclusion method were studied for the separation of normal and isomeric hydrocarbons in Fischer-Tropsch(F-T) synthetic light oil. The composition of raw oil was analyzed by GC-MS method. The effects of activator type, oil/urea/activator mass ratio, inclusion temperature and time on the separation performance were investigated, and the suitable conditions for the decomposition of urea inclusion compounds were obtained. The optimal inclusion conditions of F-T synthetic light oil were determined through orthogonal experiments, which were m(urea)∶m(methanol)∶m(oil) =5∶6∶1, the terminal temperature 10℃, and the reaction time 120min. Under these conditions, the mass fraction of normal hydrocarbons in the product was 99.43%, and the yield was 38.11%. The inclusion results showed that in the middle and low carbon segments(C_(4)—C_(13)) of normal hydrocarbons, urea was more inclined to include those with longer carbon chains, with a yield of normal hydrocarbons of C_(8)and above higher than 60%, while those below C6could be barely included by urea. In addition, when the raw oil contained both olefins and alkanes, the urea inclusion of n-alkanes was better than that of n-alkenes, and the yield difference was about 5.5%. In this oil, oxygenates dominated by linear alcohols were less included by urea, and so more than 95% oxygenate impurities could be removed by urea inclusion method.

关 键 词：分离 费托轻质油 正构烃 尿素包合 纯化 烃类化合物 

分 类 号：TQ536.9[化学工程—煤化学工程]