北方反季香菇菌棒污染的原因及应对措施  

Causes and Countermeasures of Pollution of Off-season Lentinula edodes Stick in North China

作　　者：于水清 吴昊 王秀清 白茹 孙嘉镁 刘桂娟 于立艳 李俊峰 郭旭彦 YU Shui-qing(Hebei Pingquan Institute of Edible Mushroom Industry Technology,Pingquan,Hebei 067500)

机构地区：[1]河北平泉食用菌产业技术研究院,河北平泉067500 [2]隆化县气象局,河北隆化068150

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2023年第1期8-9,12,共3页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：承德市社会科学发展研究课题(20223204)。

摘　　要：为了解北方反季香菇菌棒污染的情况,通过对北方反季香菇主产区平泉香菇种植户进行调研,发现参与调研的种植户香菇菌棒均受到了不同程度的污染,其中,发菌期是香菇菌棒污染的高峰期,90%的香菇种植户菌棒污染的高峰期发生在发菌期。通过对污染率的统计,发现仅有44%的种植户香菇菌棒污染率在2%以下,平均污染率为3.16%。以10万棒香菇为例,按平均污染率和制棒成本计算,将造成13 272元的损失。建议在香菇生产中,可通过科学配比栽培料、彻底消毒灭菌、精细化管理和科学选择菌种等方法减少香菇菌棒污染。In order to understand the situation of off-season Lentinula edodes in northern China,a survey was conducted among Lentinula edodes growers in Pingquan,the main production area of Lentinula edodes in northern China. Among them,the peak period of off-season Lentinula edodes was the peak period of off-season Lentinula edodes,and the peak period of off-season Lentinula edodes was the peak period of 90% of Lentinula edodes growers. It was found that the contamination rate of Lentinula edodes was less than 2% in 44% of the farmers,and the average contamination rate was 3.16%. Taking 100,000 rod mushroom as an example,according to the average pollution rate and the cost of making rod,it would cause a loss of 13 272 yuan.Therefore,Shiitake mushroom production,the contamination of Lentinula edodes can be reduced by scientific formulation of culture material,thorough disinfection and sterilization of culture material and environment,fine management of production process and scientific selection of Lentinula edodes strains.

关 键 词：反季香菇 菌棒污染率 污染时期 发菌期 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]