列宁经济改革思想及其时代价值--基于苏俄转向“新经济政策”的理论思考  

Lenin's Thought of Economic Reform and its Time Value--Theoretical Thinking Based on Soviet Russia's Turning to the“New Economic Policy”

作　　者：闫远凤 YAN Yuan-feng(School of Marxism,Renmin University,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学马克思主义学院,北京100872

出　　处：《甘肃理论学刊》2022年第6期62-69,共8页Gansu Theory Research

摘　　要：列宁领导苏俄推动的“新经济政策”,是社会主义国家基于自身国情,聚焦如何解放生产力、发展生产力的第一次改革探索,是列宁对马克思主义俄国化的重要尝试。苏俄转向“新经济政策”后,列宁对农业、工业、科技、外贸等领域进行了大刀阔斧的经济改革,包括以实物税取代余粮收集制的农业经济改革,以国家资本主义为手段的工业化改革,围绕工业化目标展开的人才科技体制改革,以利用外资为目的进行外贸政策调整等。“新经济政策”体现了列宁实事求是、尊重人民现实利益、灵活应用市场和计划两种手段解放和发展生产力的改革逻辑。列宁突破陈规、排除万难的改革精神,对今天社会主义国家的经济改革仍具有重要的时代价值。The“new economic policy”promoted by Lenin in Soviet Russia is the first reform exploration of socialist countries based on their own national conditions,focusing on how to liberate and develop the productive forces,and it is Lenin's valuable attempt to Russification of Marxism.After turned to the“new economic policy”,Lenin carried out drastic economic reforms in agriculture,industry,science and technology,foreign trade and other fields,including the agricultural economic reform in which the surplus grain collection system was replaced by real taxes,the industrialization reform by means of national capitalism,the reform of the talent science and technology system around the goal of industrialization,and the adjustment of foreign trade policies for the purpose of utilizing foreign capital.The logical transformation of the“new economic policy”reflects Lenin's reform logic,such as seeking truth from facts,respecting the people's realistic interests,and flexibly applying the two means of market and planning to liberate and develop productive forces.Lenin's reform spirit of breaking through stereotypes and overcoming all difficulties still has important times value for the economic reforms of socialist countries today.

关 键 词：列宁 新经济政策 苏维埃俄国 战时共产主义 

分 类 号：A73[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]