宁夏海原县海城镇地震应急避难场所优化策略研究  

The Optimization of Earthquake Emergency Shelter in Haicheng Town of Haiyuan County of Ningxia

作　　者：杜亚男 马冬梅[1] 杨盟盛 MA Dongmei;DU Yanan;YANG Mengsheng

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院 [2]厦门大学建筑与土木工程学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2023年第1期74-79,共6页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划项目(2018BEB04012)。

摘　　要：地震应急避难场所是在地震发生时为灾民提供避难和临时生活的安全场所,是灾后重建及灾后救援工作的基础。文章从韧性城镇角度出发,运用空间句法理论及方法分析宁夏海原县海城镇地震应急避难场所的安全性和可达性,并通过ArcGIS软件分析其容纳性和“平灾结合”性,揭示了宁夏海原县海城镇地震应急避难场所存在的问题,提出构建多元避难场所、利用公共开敞空间、提高灾民避难速度及打造“平灾结合”模式的四个优化策略,以期对小城镇地震应急避难场所建设提供借鉴。Earthquake emergency shelters are safe places that provide refuge and temporary living for victims when an earthquake occurs,and are the basis for post-disaster reconstruction and postdisaster rescue work.The earthquakes suffered by urban areas in my country are characterized by high frequency,high intensity and hypocenters shallower.The diverse natural environment,backward economic conditions,and poor seismic performance of buildings in western China lead to large losses caused by earthquakes.Among them,the 8.5-magnitude earthquake in Haiyuan in 1920killed 234000 people and injured 300000 people.Its scope shocked the world and was called the“global earthquake”.Therefore,this paper selects Haicheng Town,Haiyuan County as the research area,for two purposes,one is to arouse the residents’awareness of disaster prevention,and the other is to take cities and towns as the research object to promote the research on urban emergency shelters.This paper takes Haicheng Township,Haiyuan County as the research area,from the perspective of resilient towns,using space syntax theory and methods to analyze the safety and accessibility of earthquake emergency shelters in Haicheng Township,Haiyuan County,and uses ArcGIS to analyze its accommodation and“combination of disaster relief”.First of all,according to the concept of space syntax model based on segmentation,this study applies space syntax model to divide large-scale space into small-scale space,extracts the corresponding basic morphological features and their combination relationships,and then obtains cognition of large-scale space.In this paper,the indicators of space syntax analysis mainly include:intelligibility,depth value,global integration and local integration.From the analysis of the intelligibility value of the space syntax,the distribution of the existing parks and green spaces in Haicheng Town is relatively scattered and the degree of intelligibility is low,resulting in a low level of spatial safety or psychological safety when residents evacuate.From th

关 键 词：地震应急避难场所 韧性城市 空间句法 城镇 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学] TU984.116[天文地球—固体地球物理学]