马格努斯圆柱及变角度襟翼对无人帆船气动性能的影响  

Influence of Magnus cylinder and variable angle flap on the aerodynamic performance of unmanned sailboat

作　　者：邓皓云 管殿柱[1] 李森茂 王宪辉 DENG Haoyun;GUAN Dianzhu;LI Senmao;WANG Xianhui(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2023年第1期170-180,共11页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC140510);中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会项目(DY135-E2-4-06)。

摘　　要：[目的]旨在研究马格努斯翼型和变角度襟翼对无人帆船气动性能的影响及其优化,以提高无人帆船的航行效率。[方法]采用CFD方法,以NACA 0021翼型作为无人帆船主翼帆的基准翼型,在主翼帆顶缘耦合马格努斯圆柱,分析马格努斯圆柱关键参数(直径、位置和间隔)对翼型升阻特性的影响规律;在主翼帆顶缘耦合马格努斯圆柱的基础上,将襟翼帆嵌入主翼帆尾缘,研究不同襟翼帆偏转角下翼型周围流场和升阻特性及其对无人帆船推力性能的影响规律。[结果]结果表明:在大攻角下,马格努斯圆柱对翼型气动性能具有提升作用,在所研究参数范围内翼型升阻比与马格努斯圆柱位置正相关,与马格努斯圆柱直径和间隔负相关,其中圆柱的直径和间隔对翼型气动性能影响较大,位置的影响最小;在小攻角下,变角度襟翼帆对翼型气动性能的提升更明显,在0°~15°攻角内,翼型的升阻比与襟翼帆偏转角正相关;在马格努斯圆柱及襟翼帆共同作用下,风帆推力系数最大提升27%,且与襟翼帆的偏转角正相关。[结论]研究结果可为马格努斯圆柱及嵌入式襟翼帆在无人帆船领域的应用提供参考。[Objective]This paper aims to study and optimize the influence of Magnus airfoil and variable angle flaps on the aerodynamic performance of unmanned sailboats in order to improve the sailing efficiency.[Methods]NACA 0021 is used as the basic airfoil for the mainsail,and the Magnus cylinder is coupled with the tip edge of the mainsail to analyze the influence of key parameters(i.e.,diameter,position and gap)on the lift-drag characteristics of the airfoil.On this basis,a flap sail is embedded at the trailing edge of the mainsail to study the flow field conditions and lift-drag characteristics of the airfoil under different flap deflection angles,and its influence on the thrust performance of the unmanned sailboat.[Results]The results show that under a large angle of attack,the Magnus cylinder has an improving effect on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil;its lift-to-drag ratio is positively correlated with position and negatively correlated with diameter and gap within the studied range;diameter and gap have a greater effect on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil than the position;the variable angle flap has a more obvious improving effect on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil under a small angle of attack,and the lift-to-drag ratio is positively correlated with the flap deflection angle in a 0°–15°angle of attack;and within the studied range,the joint action of the Magnus cylinder and flap has a maximum improvement of 27%on the thrust coefficient of the sail,and the thrust coefficient is positively correlated with the flap deflection angle.[Conclusion]The results of this study can provide references for the application of Magnus cylinders and embedded flap in the field of unmanned sailing.

关 键 词：无人帆船 气动性能 襟翼帆 马格努斯圆柱 推力系数 

分 类 号：U674.926[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U664.31[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]