多代连栽桉树人工林林下植被和土壤物理性状的变化  

Dynamics of understory vegetation and soil physical properties in Eucalyptus plantations of different generations

作　　者：王会利[1,2] 吴秦展 兰文明 陈晓龙 柯琴 王政烨 韦中绵 陈利军 吴立潮[5] 曹继钊[1,2] WANG Huili;WU Qinzhan;LAN Wenming;CHEN Xiaolong;KE Qin;WANG Zhengye;WEI Zhongmian;CHEN Lijun;WU Lichao;CAO Jizhao(Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-growing Timber Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Research and Development Center for New Forestry Fertilizer,Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,Guangxi,China;Guangxi State-owned Daguishan Forest Farm of Guangxi,Hezhou 542899,Guangxi,China;Guangxi State-owned Qipo Forest Farm,Nanning 530225,Guangxi,China;Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Arboretum of Nanning,Nanning 530031,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院国家林业和草原局中南速生材繁育实验室,广西南宁530002 [2]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院广西林用新型肥料研发中心,广西南宁530002 [3]广西国有大桂山林场,广西贺州542899 [4]广西国有七坡林场,广西南宁530225 [5]中南林业科技大学,湖南长沙410004 [6]南宁树木园,广西南宁530031

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第2期1-9,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2022GXNSFBA035578);广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂林科研〔2021〕6号);广西自筹经费林业科技项目“不同除草方式下桉树萌芽林生长和土壤功能的监测与评价”(桂林科研〔2022ZC〕78号)。

摘　　要：【目的】林下植被抚育是桉树人工林的重要经营措施之一,研究多代连栽桉树人工林林下植被与土壤渗透性能等物理性状的变化为科学管理林下植被提供依据。【方法】通过调查不同连栽代次桉树人工林林下植被多样性和生物量、枯枝落叶现存量、土壤容重、渗透性能等指标,分析了林下植被和土壤物理性状的变化。【结果】1)随着连栽代次的增加,桉树林下植被Margalef丰富度指数呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,在种植前期对林下植被丰富度有促进作用,而Pielou均匀度指数表现出下降趋势,说明连栽导致林下植被种间的个体差异变大;2)随着连栽代次的增加,桉树林地土壤孔隙度、持水量、渗透性能和土壤蓄水量大致呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,而土壤容重变化趋势则相反,表明种植前期土壤物理性能不断得到改善,第4代是生产经营者需注重改善土壤物理状况的关键阶段;3)通过相关分析发现林下植被Margalef丰富度指数与毛管持水量和田间持水量呈显著正相关;林下植被生物量与容重呈显著负相关,与最大持水量和部分孔隙度指标呈现显著正相关;枯枝落叶现存量与总孔隙度、渗透性能指标呈显著或极显著正相关;土壤孔隙状况和持水性能受林下植被的影响更大,土壤渗透性能则主要受枯枝落叶现存量的影响;4)第3代桉树人工林林下植被生物量和枯枝落叶现存量分别达到4.98和8.84 t/hm^(2),最有利于土壤结构、孔隙度和渗透性能的改善。【结论】保留恢复林下植被与保留枯枝落叶是提高桉树人工林地力恢复能力、提高林地生产力的有效措施之一。【Objective】Understory vegetation tending is one of the important management measures in Eucalyptus plantations.The study on the dynamics of understory vegetation and soil physical properties such as soil percolation capacity in the Eucalyptus plantations of different generations provides a basis for the scientific management of understory vegetation.【Method】This paper investigated the diversity and biomass of the understory vegetation,litter amount,soil bulk density,and soil percolation capacity in Eucalyptus plantation,and analyzed the dynamics of understory vegetation and soil physical properties.【Result】1)With the increase of successive rotations of Eucalyptus plantation,the Margalef index of understory vegetation increased first and then decreased,and successive planting promoted the richness of understory vegetation in the early stage.However,the Pielou index decreased with the increase of successive generations,indicating that successive planting resulted in greater individual differences in understory vegetation;2)With the increase of successive rotations,the soil porosity,soil water holding capacity,soil percolation capacity and soil water storage amount in Eucalyptus plantation tended to increase first and then decrease,while soil bulk density showed the reverse tendency.The results showed that soil physical properties were improved in the early stage of planting,and the fourth generation was the key stage for producers to pay attention to improving soil physical conditions;3)Correlation analysis showed that the Margalef index of understory vegetation was significantly positively correlated with capillary water capacity and field water capacity.There was a significant negative correlation between understory vegetation biomass and bulk density,and a significant positive correlation between understory vegetation biomass and the maximum water-holding capacity as well as some porosity indexes.There was a significant or extremely significant positive correlation between litter amount and total por

关 键 词：桉树 连栽 林下植被 物理性状 相关性 

分 类 号：S792.39[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.2[农业科学—林学]